Social Stress Alters Immune Response and Results in Higher Viral Load During Acute SIV Infection in a Pigtailed Macaque Model of HIV
Year: 2020
Type: preprint
Abstract: While social distancing is a key public health response during viral pandemics, social stress, which can be induced by social isolation, has been implicated in adverse health outcomes in general 1 and in the context of infectious disease, such as HIV 2,3 . A comprehensive understanding of the direct pathophysiologic effects of social stress on viral pathogenesis is needed to provide strategic and comprehensive care to patients with viral infection. To determine the effect of social stress on HIV pathogenesis during acute viral infection without sociobehavioral confounders inherent in human cohorts, we compared commonly measured parameters of HIV progression between singly and socially housed SIV-infected pigtailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ). Singly housed macaques had a higher viral load in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid and demonstrated greater CD4 T cell declines and greater CD4 and CD8 T cell activation compared to socially housed macaques throughout acute infection. These data demonstrate that social stress directly impacts the pathogenesis of acute HIV infection and imply that social stress may act as an integral variable in the progression of HIV infection and potentially of other viral infections.
Institution: Johns Hopkins University
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: Modeling HIV Rebound: Role of SIVmac251 Functional Reservoirs and Biomarkers of Reactivation, CHEMOKINES AND CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS IN SIV ENCEPHALITIS, G2483435703, Eradicating Latent SIV from the CNS by CCR5 Inhibition, Mechanisms of HIV-Induced PNS Disease: The SIV Macaque Model, SIV-induced Inflammation Causes Functional Impairment of the PNS, The Role of Platelet-Monocyte Interactions in SIV Infection, Development of an SPF Macaca nemestrina Breeding Colony, G9000075645, G9000086198, G9000121584, G9000276685, G9000315396, G9000340060, The Johns Hopkins Center for AIDS Research (JHU CFAR), Continued support for an SPF Macaca nemestrina breeding colony to provide animals to NIH funded HIV research projects
OpenAlex ID: W3020312437