Dietary sodium intake and cortisol measurements
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the influence of a dietary sodium intake intervention on cortisol measurements within the general population. DESIGN: Cross-over intervention. PATIENTS: Six hundred thirty adults without known Cushing syndrome, cardiovascular or renal disease completed a restricted dietary sodium diet (10 mmol/d, 230 mg/d) followed by cross-over to a liberalized dietary sodium diet (200 mmol/d, 4600 mg/d). Twenty-four-hour urine collection and biochemical investigations were performed at the end of each dietary intervention. RESULTS: Mean 24-hour urinary free cortisol increased with liberalized sodium intake when compared with restricted sodium intake (178.0 ± 89.7 vs 121.3 ± 65.6 nmol/d, P < .001). Nearly all participants (84%) had an increase in the urinary free cortisol following liberalized sodium intake. This translated to a substantial difference in the proportion of participants exceeding categorical thresholds of urinary cortisol on liberalized vs restricted sodium intake: 62% vs 27% for 138 nmol/d (50 mcg/d), 46% vs 17% for 166 nmol/d (60 mcg/d), 32% vs 10% for 193 nmol/d (70 mcg/d), 23% vs 6% for 221 nmol/d (80 mcg/d), 17% vs 4% for 248 nmol/d (90 mcg/d). In parallel, there was a small decrease in morning total serum cortisol with liberalized sodium intake (303.0 ± 117.3 vs 326.4 ± 162.5 nmol/L, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased dietary sodium intake increases urinary free cortisol excretion and may increase the risk for false-positive results. Variations in dietary sodium intake may influence the interpretations of cortisol measurements performed to evaluate for hypercortisolism.
Source: Clinical Endocrinology
DOI: 10.1111/cen.14262
Language: English
Topic: Sodium Intake and Health
Subfield: Nutrition and Dietetics
Field: Nursing
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1026185897, Genetics of Human Hypertension, G1591860411, Regulation of Aldosterone: The Effect of Statins, The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center, Non-Modulation Phenotype and Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus, Interactions Between Adrenal and Parathyroid Hormones in Human Health, SCOR MOLECULAR GENETICS OF HYPERTENSION, Striatin, Aldosterone and Hypertension, Adrenal Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activity Regulates Aldosterone and Cortisol Production, Salt Sensitive Hypertension and Striatin, Unrecognized Primary Aldosteronism as a Pathogenic Mechanism for Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetes
OpenAlex ID: W3033166861