Work

Short-term Exposure to Household Air Pollution and Risk of Hypertension Among Adults: A Pilot Study in Ibadan

Year: 2020

Type: article

Abstract: Air pollution has been associated with elevated blood pressure in adults. Data on this association in Nigeria, with the highest level of pollution in Africa is sparsse. The present study investigated the association between short-term exposure to particulate matter air pollution and hypertension. We conducted a case-control study comprising of 25 adults with hypertension and 25 age-, sex- and geographical location-matched normotensive controls. All participants had 24-hr ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring at the same time as indoor particulate matter monitoring using a real-time particle counter and compared with the WHO guideline limit (25μg/m3). All monitoring was carried out over 24 hours during the wet season. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval for the relationship between hypertension and particulate matter exposure was assessed at P<0.05 using unconditional logistic regression model. Mean indoor PM2.5 and PM10 were significantly higher among hypertensive patients (33.68±14.05μg/m3; 45.17±19.53μg/m3) compared to normotensives (17.86±9.50μg/m3; 22.45±11.51μg/m3), p<0.05. We observed strong correlations between PM2.5/PM10 and clinic BP (rs=0.47, p<0.001/rs=0.46, p<0.001), day-time BP (rs=0.59, p<0.001/rs=0.62, p<0.001), night-time BP (rs=0.64, p<0.001/rs=0.67, p<0.001) and BP dipping (rs=0.31, p<0.05/rs=0.29, p<0.05). Household size > 5 persons (aOR: 9.37; CI: 1.37 – 63.95) and PM2.5 > 25µg/m3 (aOR: 5.76; CI: 1.08 – 30.88) significantly increased the odds of hypertension. Short-term exposure to ambient PM air pollution was associated with a higher risk of hypertension. Air pollution reduction strategies may as well help in the prevention and control of hypertension. A large longitudinal study is needed to confirm these findings.

Source: Journal of Health and Environmental Research

DOI: 10.11648/j.jher.20200602.12

Authors: Abiodun Moshood Adeoye, Adekunle Fakunle, Olajumoke Aderonmu, Bamidele Tayo

Institutions: University of Ibadan, University College Hospital, Ibadan, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Loyola University Chicago

Language: English

Topic: Air Quality and Health Impacts

Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Field: Environmental Science

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: diamond

OpenAlex ID: W3034484451