Changes in Metabolites During an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test in Early and Mid-Pregnancy: Findings from the PEARLS Randomized, Controlled Lifestyle Trial
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is used to diagnose gestational and other types of diabetes. We examined metabolite changes during an OGTT, and how a comprehensive diet and physical activity intervention may influence these changes in a population of overweight/obese Hispanic pregnant women. Integration of changes in metabolites during an OGTT may help us gain preliminary insights into how glucose metabolism changes during pregnancy. Among women from the Pregnancy and EARly Lifestyle improvement Study (PEARLS), we measured metabolites during a multipoint OGTT (fasting, 30, 60 and 120 min) at early and mid-pregnancy. Metabolite levels were measured by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry in plasma samples in the lifestyle intervention (n = 13) and control (n = 16) arms of the study. A total of 65 candidate metabolites were selected that displayed changes during an OGTT in previous studies. Paired and unpaired t-tests were used to examine differences in Δfast-120 min: (1) at early and mid-pregnancy; and (2) by intervention assignment. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to identify those metabolites that differed by intervention assignment and OGTT time points. Most of the characteristic changes in metabolites post-OGTT were similar at both gestational time points. PCA identified characteristic metabolite patterns associated with OGTT time points at both early and mid-pregnancy. These metabolites included ketone bodies, tryptophan, acyl carnitines, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and biomarkers related to bile acid, urea cycle, arginine, and proline metabolism. PCA identified distinct Δfast-120 min in fatty acid, acyl carnitine, bile acid, ketone body, and amino acid levels at mid- compared to early pregnancy. Participants in the intervention group did not display mean decreases in Δfast-120 min of several long-chain acyl carnitines that were observed in the control group. These findings provide preliminary insight into metabolites, whose role in increased insulin resistance during pregnancy, should be explored further in future studies.
Source: Metabolites
Authors: Danielle E. Haslam, Jun Li, Liming Liang, Marijulie Martinez, Cristina Palacios, Maria A. Trak-Fellermeier, Paul W. Franks, Kaumudi Joshipura, Shilpa N. Bhupathiraju
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,690
Funders: National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, Office of Research on Women's Health, Office of Disease Prevention, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1465098395, G1493458477, RCU for Lifestyle Interventions in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women Consortium, Chronic Inflammation and Type 2 Diabetes: A Multi-omics Approach, G3777088103, Preventing excessive gestational weight gain in obese women, Pregnancy and EARly Lifestyle improvement Study (PEARLS), Maternal-Offspring Metabolics: Family Intervention Trial (MOMFIT), Weight Management in Obese Pregnant Underserved African American Women, G7665158905, Puerto Rico Clinical and Translational Research Consortium (PRCTRC), Expecting Success: Personalized management of body weight during pregnancy, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, Lifestyle Interventions in Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women, Program for Training in Cancer Epidemiology
OpenAlex ID: W3040868723