Year: 2020
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background The association between subclinical cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication and HIV persistence has not been investigated in cis-gender women with HIV. Methods Fifty virologically suppressed female participants with HIV were prospectively enrolled and provided oral, vaginal, and urine samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells at 1 cross-sectional time point. CMV DNA was quantified in each specimen by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cellular HIV DNA and HIV RNA transcripts (unspliced and multiply spliced [ms] encoding tat-rev) were quantified by droplet digital (dd) PCR in peripheral blood cells. Forty-nine male individuals with HIV and CMV (historical data) were used as controls. Results Levels of cellular HIV DNA and unspliced HIV RNA were not different between sexes, but female participants had less detectable msHIV RNA and CMV DNA compared with males (both P < .01). Unlike previously described for males, the presence of CMV DNA was not associated with increased HIV DNA in females. Among female participants, premenopausal status was independently associated with lower HIV DNA compared with postmenopause, after adjusting for nadir CD4 count (P < .01). Conclusions Female participants with HIV had reduced cellular HIV RNA and less subclinical CMV DNA compared with males but overall similar HIV DNA levels in our study. Postmenopausal status was independently associated with higher HIV DNA levels among female participants.
Source: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa289
Institutions: University of California San Diego, Weill Cornell Medicine
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,053
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, California HIV/AIDS Research Program, James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1020090316, Age related determinants of HAND: A 12 year follow-up of CHARTER participants, Characterizing proviral populations in brain tissues, The HIV-associated Opioid Micro-Environment (HOME) Project, High-throughput Deep Sequencing Assay to Reliably Measure the HIV Reservoir during Antiretroviral Therapy, Perturbing the HIV Reservoir with Immune Stimulation, AIDS Clinical Trials Group Network, Primary Infection Resource Consortium (PIRC), G3972098914, G4420382524, Mechanisms of CMV Replication on HIV Persistence, Effect of Sex Hormones on HIV persistence, G4663250162, G4936280745, G4941951761, G4943076480, Mentoring Translational Research in HIV, Statistical and Data Management Center for the AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Developing Research At The Interface Of HIV And Aging, G6109725400, G6212232794, Revealing Reservoirs during Rebound (R3), G6471526413, Molecular Epidemiology for HIV Prevention for Drug Users and Other Risk Groups , Effects of Host and Viral Aging on Neurocognition, G7512296340, Effect of Declining Sex Hormones on HIV persistence in HIV Infected Women on ART, G7816653090, G7987025476, G8644636908, G8752558285, UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Characterizing proviral populations in brain tissues, G9000015816, G9000078127, G9000124410, G9000130697, G9000202158, G9000213597, G9000306411, Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections, San Diego Center for AIDS Research (SD CFAR), HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center, Statistical and Data Management Center (SDMC), Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections (ACTG), UCSF-Bay Area Center for AIDS Research
OpenAlex ID: W3042014697