Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard phenotypes of endogenouspsychoses: a review of their validity
Year: 2020
Type: review
Abstract: While the ICD-DSM paradigm has been a major advance in clinical psychiatry, its usefulness for biological psychiatry is debated. By defining consensus-based disorders rather than empirically driven phenotypes, consensus classifications were not an implementation of the biomedical paradigm. In the field of endogenous psychoses, the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard (WKL) pathway has optimized the descriptions of 35 major phenotypes using common medical heuristics on lifelong diachronic observations. Regarding their construct validity, WKL phenotypes have good reliability and predictive and face validity. WKL phenotypes come with remarkable evidence for differential validity on age of onset, familiality, pregnancy complications, precipitating factors, and treatment response. Most impressive is the replicated separation of high- and low-familiality phenotypes. Created in the purest tradition of the biomedical paradigm, the WKL phenotypes deserve to be contrasted as credible alternatives with other approaches currently under discussion. .
Authors: Jack R. Foucher, Micha Gawlik, Julian N. Roth, Clément de Crespin de Billy, Ludovic C. Jeanjean, Alexandre Obrecht, Olivier Mainberger, Julie M. E. Clauss, Julien Elowe, Sébastien Weibel, Benoit Schorr, Marcelo Cetkovich, Carlos Morra, Federico Rebok, Thomas A. Ban, Barbara Bollmann, Mathilde M. Roser, Markus S. Hanke, Burkhard E. Jabs, Ernst J. Franzek, Fabrice Berna, Bruno Pfuhlmann
Institutions: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Ingénieur, de l'Informatique et de l'Imagerie, Université de Strasbourg, University of Würzburg, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe, Inserm, Neuropsychologie Cognitive et Physiopathologie de la Schizophrénie, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Favaloro University, Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri-Mondor, Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri-Mondor, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden
Language: English
Topic: Mental Health and Psychiatry
Subfield: Philosophy
Field: Arts and Humanities
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W3044181996