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Vasovagal reaction among whole blood donors in Hospital Pulau Pinang. A statistical-epidemiological study

Year: 2020
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Context: Whole blood donation is generally considered a safe procedure; however, a small percentage of donors could develop vasovagal reactions (VVRs) during or after completion of blood donation. Aims: This study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of VVR among whole blood donors in Hospital Pulau Pinang and to investigate factors that lead to its occurrence. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 27,890 whole blood donations in 2016. Subjects and Methods: For each donation, donor's demographic and blood donation-related information was extracted from the blood bank database. Statistical Analysis Used: Qualitative data including age group, sex, race, frequency, and location of donation were analyzed using Chi-square tests, while blood pressure was analyzed using t-test. Results: Overall, 425 cases of VVRs were reported, resulting in a VVR rate of 1.5% (one event in every 65 donations). We found a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) between the occurrence of VVRs with the young age group, female gender, Indian race, first-time donor, lower predonation blood pressure, and donation performed in a mobile donation campaign. The most common vasovagal symptoms are lightheadedness (88%), followed by nausea (5.4%), muscle twitching (3.5%), vomiting (1.4%), loss of consciousness <30 s (1.4%), and paresthesia (0.2%). Conclusions: The prevalence of VVRs among whole blood donors in Hospital Pulau Pinang appeared to be low. Our study reaffirms that blood donation is a relatively safe process, and the incidence of VVR can be further reduced by ensuring strict screening procedure before blood donation.
DOI: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_111_17
Language: English
Subfield: Hematology
Field: Medicine
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W3045020917
FWCI: 0.655
Cites: 20
Cited by: 5
Related to: 10