Why the Outcome of Anti‐Tumor Immune Responses is Heterogeneous: A Novel Idea in the Context of Immunological Heterogeneity in Cancers
Year: 2020
Type: review
Abstract: The question as to why some hosts can eradicate their tumors while others succumb to tumor-progression remains unanswered. Here, a provocative concept is proposed that intrinsic differences in the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of individuals may influence the outcome of anti-tumor immunity by affecting the frequency and/or variety of tumor-reactive CD8 and/or CD4 tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This idea implicates that the TCR repertoire in a given patient might not provide sufficiently different TCR clones that can recognize tumor antigens, namely, "a hole in the TCR repertoire" might exist. This idea may provide a novel perspective to further dissect the mechanisms underlying heterogeneous anti-tumor immune responses in different hosts. Besides tumor-intrinsic heterogeneity and host microbiome, the various factors that may constantly shape the dynamic TCR repertoire are also discussed. Elucidating mechanistic differences in different individuals' immune systems will allow to better harness immune system to design new personalized cancer immunotherapy.
Source: BioEssays
Author: Jing H. Wang
Institution: University of Colorado Anschutz
Language: English
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1890250000, Developing newly combined therapeutic strategies for mature B cell lymphoma, B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-driven mechanistic connection between B cell lymphomagenesis and autoimmunity, G327943990, Mechanisms promoting translocations and mature B cell lymphomas, G41015762, Role of Target DNA sequences in mutation and DNA Break Generation, G7169728861, A Novel Approach to Evaluate Genetic Variants in Primary Antibody Deficiency, Mechanisms of Dual Inhibition of TGFbeta/PD-L1 in HNSCC, Elucidating Mechanism of Immune Evasion in Head and Neck Cancers, Genomic instability mediated via differential DNA repair mechanisms in B cells
OpenAlex ID: W3047762819