Grain and dietary fiber intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Higher intakes of whole grains and dietary fiber have been associated with lower risk of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and inflammation, which are known predisposing factors for cancer. OBJECTIVES: Because the evidence of association with bladder cancer (BC) is limited, we aimed to assess associations with BC risk for intakes of whole grains, refined grains, and dietary fiber. METHODS: We pooled individual data from 574,726 participants in 13 cohort studies, 3214 of whom developed incident BC. HRs, with corresponding 95% CIs, were estimated using Cox regression models stratified on cohort. Dose-response relations were examined using fractional polynomial regression models. RESULTS: We found that higher intake of total whole grain was associated with lower risk of BC (comparing highest with lowest intake tertile: HR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.98; HR per 1-SD increment: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.91, 0.99; P for trend: 0.023). No association was observed for intake of total refined grain. Intake of total dietary fiber was also inversely associated with BC risk (comparing highest with lowest intake tertile: HR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.98; HR per 1-SD increment: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98; P for trend: 0.021). In addition, dose-response analyses gave estimated HRs of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95, 0.99) for intake of total whole grain and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.94, 0.98) for intake of total dietary fiber per 5-g daily increment. When considered jointly, highest intake of whole grains with the highest intake of dietary fiber showed 28% reduced risk (95% CI: 0.54, 0.93; P for trend: 0.031) of BC compared with the lowest intakes, suggesting potential synergism. CONCLUSIONS: Higher intakes of total whole grain and total dietary fiber are associated with reduced risk of BC individually and jointly. Further studies are needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms for these findings.
DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa215
Institutions: Maastricht University, Cancer Council Victoria, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Fred Hutch Cancer Center, Centre international de recherche sur le cancer, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, University of Copenhagen, Danish Cancer Society, Imperial College London, The University of Melbourne, Monash Health, Monash University, Care and Public Health Research Institute, University of Birmingham
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $5,200
Funders: Recycling Education and Research Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, World Health Organization, Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, Wellcome Trust, World Cancer Research Fund International, Cancer Research UK, British Heart Foundation, European Commission, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, Cancerfonden, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Ligue Contre le Cancer, China Scholarship Council, KWF Kankerbestrijding, Norges Forskningsråd, Deutsche Krebshilfe, Institut Gustave-Roussy, National Academy of Sciences, Medical Research Council, World Cancer Research Fund, National Health and Medical Research Council, Cancer Council Victoria, National Cancer Institute, FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions
Awards: G1027157131, TO INITIATE A NEW COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT WITH THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE(NAS). NAS WILL SUPPORT THE LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF THE HEALTH OF ATOMIC B, G1266612289, G1373115121, G1596968099, COHORT STUDY OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS AND CANCER RISK, G1913926447, G1985204616, G2130387517, G2429951853, Health 2020, G2629953696, G3098310529, G3117572991, G3185682708, G3535040709, G3574928404, G3575964969, G3614039451, G3634973412, G3729156826, G4042319840, G422445311, Nutrition and Bladder Cancer, G5098929513, G5272917877, G5400679422, G6008541153, G602992300, G6099004870, G6177794165, G6191607766, G6341295889, G6631754812, Epidemiology of Chronic Disease, Health Interventions and DNA Studies, G674394642, G7180840450, G7187368266, G7199237069, Precision Public Health for major cancers - novel approaches to building the genetic, epigenetic and lifestyle knowledge base for assessing risk and prognosis, G734127494, G750896624, G7586037790, G7730201318, G7885991059, G8123808567, G8477006775, G8651849717, G8718893896, G8797697851, G8919560141, G8954187506, G8960002408, G8963950986
OpenAlex ID: W3048752360