Intensive Weight Loss Intervention and Cancer Risk in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of the Look AHEAD Randomized Clinical Trial
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) aimed at weight loss lowers cancer incidence and mortality. METHODS: Data from the Look AHEAD trial were examined to investigate whether participants randomized to ILI designed for weight loss would have reduced overall cancer incidence, obesity-related cancer incidence, and cancer mortality, as compared with the diabetes support and education (DSE) comparison group. This analysis included 4,859 participants without a cancer diagnosis at baseline except for nonmelanoma skin cancer. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 11 years, 684 participants (332 in ILI and 352 in DSE) were diagnosed with cancer. The incidence rates of obesity-related cancers were 6.1 and 7.3 per 1,000 person-years in ILI and DSE, respectively, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-1.04). There was no significant difference between the two groups in total cancer incidence (HR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.80-1.08), incidence of nonobesity-related cancers (HR, 1.02; 95% CI: 0.83-1.27), or total cancer mortality (HR, 0.92; 95% CI: 0.68-1.25). CONCLUSIONS: An ILI aimed at weight loss lowered incidence of obesity-related cancers by 16% in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes. The study sample size likely lacked power to determine effect sizes of this magnitude and smaller.
Source: Obesity
DOI: 10.1002/oby.22936
Authors: Hsin‐Chieh Yeh, John P. Bantle, Maria Cassidy‐Begay, George Blackburn, George A. Bray, Tim Byers, Jeanne M. Clark, Mace Coday, Caitlin Egan, Mark A. Espeland, John P. Foreyt, Katelyn Garcia, Valerie Goldman, Edward W. Gregg, Helen P. Hazuda, Louise Hesson, James O. Hill, Edward S. Horton, John M. Jakicic, Robert W. Jeffery, Karen C. Johnson, Steven E. Kahn, William C. Knowler, Mary Korytkowski, Anne Kure, Cora E. Lewis, Christos Mantzoros, Maria Meacham, Maria G. Montez, David M. Nathan, Nicholas Pajewski, Jennifer Patricio, Anne Peters, F. Xavier Pi‐Sunyer, Henry Pownall, Donna H. Ryan, Monika Safford, Rebecca L. Sedjo, Helmut Steinburg, Mara Vitolins, Thomas A. Wadden, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Rena R. Wing, Antonio C. Wolff, Holly Wyatt, Susan Z. Yanovski
Institutions: Johns Hopkins University, University of Minnesota, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Brown University, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Wake Forest University, Baylor College of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Imperial College London, The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Joslin Diabetes Center, University of Pittsburgh, University of Minnesota System, University of Washington, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, UAB Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, University of Southern California, Cornell University, Weill Cornell Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, National Institutes of Health
Language: English
Topic: Cancer Risks and Factors
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: G1149464818, G1153163889, G1559150778, G1561916549, G1625418467, G1681235271, G1789861183, G1902398179, G2067731686, G2115812462, G2247787434, G2279102038, G2456504948, G2519210884, G2784927490, G3033840998, G3085877500, 05/16 Action for Health in Diabetes Extension Study - Research Project, G3144056878, G3237517486, General Clinical Research Center, Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (UL1), General Clinical Research Center, General Clinical Research Center, GENERAL CLINICAL RESEARCH CENTER, G3728863030, University of Pittsburgh Clinical and Translational Science Institute, G4623107666, G474757791, 09/16 Action for Health in Diabetes Extension Study Research Project, 08/16 Action for Health in Diabetes Extension Study Research Project, 07/16 Action for Health in Diabetes Extension Study Research Project, G5800301348, G6477361739, G7244940528, G7376939847, Obesity/Nutrition Research Center, 12/16 Action for Health in Diabetes Extension Study Research Project, G955307958
OpenAlex ID: W3080103554