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Effects of caloric restriction on human physiological, psychological, and behavioral outcomes: highlights from CALERIE phase 2

Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: Caloric restriction (CR) is a strategy that attenuates aging in multiple nonhuman species. The Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) trials are part of a research program aiming to test the effects of CR on aging and longevity biomarkers in humans. Building on CALERIE phase 1, CALERIE phase 2 (CALERIE 2) was the largest study to date to assess sustained CR in healthy humans without obesity. In a 24-month randomized controlled trial comprising 218 participants at baseline, CALERIE 2 showed that moderate CR, 11.9% on average, induced improvements in aging-related biomarkers without adversely affecting psychological or behavioral outcomes. The objectives of this report are to summarize and review the highlights of CALERIE 2 and report previously unpublished results on eating disorder symptoms and cognitive function. This article specifically summarizes the physiological, psychological, aging, behavioral, and safety results of the trial. Also provided are research directions beyond CALERIE 2 that highlight important opportunities to investigate the role of CR in aging, longevity, and health span in humans.
DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa085
Authors: James L Dorling, Stephan van Vliet, Kim M Huffman, William E Kraus, Manjushri Bhapkar, Carl F Pieper, Tiffany Stewart, Sai Krupa Das, Susan B Racette, Susan B Roberts, Eric Ravussin, Leanne M Redman, Corby K Martin, the CALERIE Study Group
Language: English
Subfield: Aging
Open Access status: green
Funders: American Heart Association, Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Awards: G1004446241, G151374072, Metabolic Adaptations to Two Year Caloric Restriction, Caloric Restriction and Aging in Humans, G1937633654, G236705245, The role of anxiety, depression and eating behaviors on weight loss in an underserved cohort: a mediation analysis, G3667826151, G799249705, G9000036152, G9000135116, Washington University Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center, Pennington/Louisiana NORC
OpenAlex ID: W3087214315
FWCI: 3.682
Cites: 136
Cited by: 99
Related to: 10