Functional Genomics in Pancreatic β Cells: Recent Advances in Gene Deletion and Genome Editing Technologies for Diabetes Research
Year: 2020
Type: review
Abstract: The inheritance of variants that lead to coding changes in, or the mis-expression of, genes critical to pancreatic beta cell function can lead to alterations in insulin secretion and increase the risk of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Recently developed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) gene editing tools provide a powerful means of understanding the impact of identified variants on cell function, growth, and survival and might ultimately provide a means, most likely after the transplantation of genetically "corrected" cells, of treating the disease. Here, we review some of the disease-associated genes and variants whose roles have been probed up to now. Next, we survey recent exciting developments in CRISPR/Cas9 technology and their possible exploitation for β cell functional genomics. Finally, we will provide a perspective as to how CRISPR/Cas9 technology may find clinical application in patients with diabetes.
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology
Institution: Imperial College London
Language: English
Subfield: Surgery
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
Awards: G130968091, G1335979935, G1635243398, Genetic and nutritional control of pancreatic beta cell identity., G1937207371, Roles of GWA genes in controlling pancreatic beta cell function and mass., G2040450235, G2400843396, Role of mitochondrial calcium transport in the regulation of insulin secretion, G3555667338, Assessing risk and progression of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes to enable disease modification - Sofia ref.: 115881, G4426574518, G4781795914, All-optical deconstruction of the islet wiring patterns underlying insulin secretion in health and disease, Ligand bias at the GLP-1 receptor as a means of favouring cytoprotection, G5485930741, G5673545276, G5877155211, Defining the molecular and physiological mechanisms of pancreatic islet dysfunction which lead to type 2 diabetes, Role and regulation of GLP-1 receptor trafficking in pancreatic beta cells, Targeting GLP-1 receptor trafficking to improve therapies for type 2 diabetes, G7005210393, Understanding pancreatic beta cell connectivity, Molecular mechanisms linking Sorcin to pancreatic beta cell lipotoxicity and ER Ca2+ stores., Determining the role of arcuate nucleus glucokinase in the regulation of glucose homeostasis, G7571465722, Roles of the type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated gene C2cd4a in regulating glucose homeostasis in the mouse, G8718326998, G9000168923
OpenAlex ID: W3091916603