Cognitive differences associated with HIV serostatus and antiretroviral therapy use in a population-based sample of older adults in South Africa
Year: 2020
Type: article
Abstract: Previous clinical studies have reported adverse cognitive outcomes for people living with HIV (PLWH), but there are no population-based studies comparing cognitive function between older PLWH and comparators without HIV in sub-Saharan Africa. We analyzed baseline data of 40 + years-old participants in "Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa" (HAALSI) cohort. We measured cognition using a battery of conventional instruments assessing orientation, immediate- and delayed-recall, and numeracy (N = 4560), and the Oxford Cognitive Screen [OCS]-Plus, a novel instrument for low-literacy populations, assessing memory, language, visual-spatial ability, and executive functioning (N = 1997). Linear regression models comparing cognitive scores between participants with and without HIV were adjusted for sex, education, age, country of birth, father's occupation, ever-consumed alcohol, and asset index. PLWH scored on average 0.06 (95% CI 0.01-0.12) standard deviation (SD) units higher on the conventional cognitive function measure and 0.02 (95% CI - 0.07 to 0.04) SD units lower on the OCS-Plus measure than HIV-negative participants. We found higher cognitive function scores for PLWH compared to people without HIV when using a conventional measure of cognitive function but not when using a novel instrument for low-literacy settings.
Source: Scientific Reports
Institutions: University of California, San Francisco, Harvard University, University of Michigan, Brigham and Women's Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System, Indepth Network, Heidelberg University, Africa Health Research Institute, Heidelberg Institute of Global Health
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,870
Funders: Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung, Wellcome Trust, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung, National Institutes of Health, Medical Research Council, National Institute on Aging, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: Strengthening and stabilising a demographic and health surveillance in Agincourt: foundation for a health and population research programme in South Africa's rural northeast, G1112674395, G1119205115, G2563538044, Health, population and social transitions in rural Southern Africa: Elucidating pathways and testing interventions., Preventing cardiometabolic diseases in Africa: life-course and multi-sector approaches., G4029150292, G4469057728, Investigating and responding to health, population and social transitions in rural Southern Africa., G4692686522, Causal Pathways to population health impact of HIV antiretroviral treatment, G5311169479, Health, population and social transitions in rural Southern Africa: Elucidating pathways and testing interventions., New Methods for the design and evaluation of large HIV prevention interventions, G7923275117, G8186070293, G8276714428, Can HIV Hot-Spots be eradicated? An intervention to decrease HIV transmission to young women in rural KwaZulu-Natal South Africa, Health, Aging and Dementia in South Africa: A Longitudinal Study (HAALSI), HIS : Training Tanzanian Researchers for HIV/AIDS Implementation Science (Renewal), Program for AIDS Clinical Research Training (PACRT)
OpenAlex ID: W3092259427