Year: 2020
Type: review
Abstract: Growing data from epidemiological studies highlight the association between excess body fat and cancer incidence, but good indicative evidence demonstrates that intentional weight loss, as well as increasing physical activity, offers much promise as a cost-effective approach for reducing the cancer burden. However, clear gaps remain in our understanding of how changes in body fat or levels of physical activity are mechanistically linked to cancer, and the magnitude of their impact on cancer risk. It is important to investigate the causal link between programmes that successfully achieve short-term modest weight loss followed by weight-loss maintenance and cancer incidence. The longer-term impact of weight loss and duration of overweight and obesity on risk reduction also need to be fully considered in trial design. These gaps in knowledge need to be urgently addressed to expedite the development and implementation of future cancer-control strategies. Comprehensive approaches to trial design, Mendelian randomisation studies and data-linkage opportunities offer real possibilities to tackle current research gaps. In this paper, we set out the case for why non-pharmacological weight-management trials are urgently needed to support cancer-risk reduction and help control the growing global burden of cancer.
Source: British Journal of Cancer
Authors: Annie S. Anderson, Andrew G. Renehan, John M. Saxton, Joshua Bell, Janet Cade, Amanda J. Cross, Angela King, Elio Riboli, Falko Sniehotta, Shaun Treweek, Richard M. Martin, Annie Anderson, Rebecca Beeken, Janet Cade, Amanda Cross, Angela King, Richard Martin, Giota Mitrou, Elio Riboli, John Saxton, Andrew Renehan
Institutions: University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Cancer Research UK Manchester Centre, Northumbria University, University of Bristol, MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Leeds, Imperial College London, Southampton General Hospital, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Newcastle University, University of Aberdeen, Yorkshire Cancer Research, World Cancer Research Fund International
Language: English
Topic: Cancer Risks and Factors
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,300
Awards: G1131969086, G149876332, G173885373, G1788810253, G1955001954, G1987169411, G2041192025, G219746026, G235045266, G2642749895, G2656292823, G301055538, G3344456887, G3558608651, G365960737, G387469706, G4081905075, G4807506537, G5001017760, G5563769041, G592232424, G6119919417, G6206044308, G6423108142, G6682065591, Mendelian randomization to hypothesis-free causal inference, G7138674690, G715493096, G738105237, G76752795
OpenAlex ID: W3106421316