Active Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 Chairside Oral Fluid Test in Association with Subclinical Periodontitis, Dental Caries, and Health Behaviour in Finnish Adolescents
Year: 2020
Type: dissertation
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Periodontitis and dental caries are common chronic diseases, even adolescents suffer not only from caries but also from early stage of periodontitis, subclinical periodontitis. Both diseases are influenced by environmental, host-derived, and genetic factors. Recognition of these factors may reveal susceptibility to disease at an early stage, thus enabling preventive interventions. Oral fluids contain many potential biomarkers for periodontitis. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and especially its active form aMMP-8 seems to be key biomarkers for periodontitis. The level of aMMP-8 in oral fluids can be measured by the specific aMMP-8 chairside test. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) together with its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) are recently recognized salivary biomarkers amplifying proinflammatory processes in periodontal diseases. Studies were carried out at Kotka Health Center in Eastern Finland in 2004-2005 and/or 2014-2015 and at the Hämeenlinna Health Center in Southern Finland in 2017-2018. Participants were 14-17 years old. Altogether 501 participants in 2004-2005 and 47 in 2014-2015 consented to the study. With their permission DNA analyses were performed on 47 participants in 2004-2005 and on all participants (n=47) in 2014-2015. In 2017-2018 altogether 125 participants consented to the study and the mouth rinse analyses. The aMMP-8 chairside mouth rinse test identified and alerted adolescents with poor oral hygiene at risk for subclinical periodontitis without detectable and visible manifestations of the illness. Periodontal treatment and preventive intervention decreased aMMP-8 levels assessed by a change in test stick result from positive (+) to negative (-) during the monitoring period. Young patients at risk must be identified to enable early preventive interventions and treatment. Genetic polymorphisms of MMP3 and VDR genes are linked to subclinical periodontitis in Finnish adolescents. Only tentative genetic aetiology for dental caries could be observed. Elevated PGLYRP1 levels in adolescents with gingivitis and subclinical periodontitis and its positive correlation with TREM-1 and aMMP-8 may indicate an association of PGLYRP1 with early stages of periodontal disease. However, it has a lower discriminating capacity and is therefore a less reliable marker alone in the diagnosis of subclinical periodontitis in adolescents.
Source: Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja
Author: Teija Raivisto
Language: English
Subfield: Periodontics
Field: Dentistry
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W3119600502