Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: I n this issue of Neurosurgical Focus, the reviews and papers present state-of-the-art preclinical and clinical experiences utilizing viral vector-mediated gene therapies and oncolytic viruses for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM).Over the past 3 decades, this field has evolved from experimentation in vitro and in mouse models of GBM to multiple clinical trials, several of which have been advanced to phase 2 and 3 studies.In general, progress in the field has been spurred on by FDA approval of one oncolytic virus (Imlygic, Amgen) for melanoma in 2015 and several viral vector-mediated gene therapies for neurologic, hematologic, and ophthalmologic disease.Current vaccines against coronavirus utilize gene therapy approaches as well.Therefore, the promise that this science can also be harnessed as a treatment for GBM remains alive but not yet fully realized.The mode of action of this therapy depends on expression of genes (be it from gene therapy or viral genes from an oncolytic virus) in the GBM microenvironment to cause cytotoxic and immunogenic cell death, leading to an adaptive immune response against tumor.The reports in this issue encompass a snapshot of the field: approaches such as oncolytic herpes simplex virus 1-mediated delivery, oncolytic adenovirus, oncolytic Newcastle disease virus, and oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus.The strategies discussed in these papers represent a few of the many approaches for GBM that are being tested, some in clinical trials.Novel delivery methods (such as intra-arterial delivery) are also discussed.To provide the reader with an appreciation of the plethora of approaches currently under investigation, several review articles on the topic are also included.
Source: Neurosurgical FOCUS
Language: English
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W3126837496