Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: CONTEXT: Cardiometabolic profiles of different body composition phenotypes are poorly characterized in young children, where it is well established that high adiposity is unfavorable, but the role of lean mass is unclear. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that higher lean mass attenuates cardiometabolic risk in children with high fat mass. METHODS: In 6-year-old children (n = 377) from the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) prospective birth cohort, whole-body composition was measured by quantitative magnetic resonance, a novel validated technology. Based on fat mass index (FMI) and lean mass index (LMI), 4 body composition phenotypes were derived: low FMI-low LMI (LF-LL), low FMI-high LMI (LF-HL), high FMI-low LMI (HF-LL), high FMI-high LMI (HF-HL). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Body mass index (BMI) z-score, fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome risk score, fatty liver index, and blood pressure. RESULTS: Compared with the LF-HL group, children in both high FMI groups had increased BMI z-score (HF-HL: 1.43 units 95% CI [1.11,1.76]; HF-LL: 0.61 units [0.25,0.96]) and metabolic syndrome risk score (HF-HL: 1.64 [0.77,2.50]; HF-LL: 1.28 [0.34,2.21]). The HF-HL group also had increased fatty liver index (1.15 [0.54,1.77]). Girls in HF-HL group had lower fasting plasma glucose (-0.29 mmol/L [-0.55,-0.04]) and diastolic blood pressure (-3.22 mmHg [-6.03,-0.41]) than girls in the HF-LL group. No similar associations were observed in boys. CONCLUSION: In a multi-ethnic Asian cohort, lean mass seemed to protect against some cardiometabolic risk markers linked with adiposity, but only in girls. The FMI seemed more important than lean mass index in relation to cardiometabolic profiles of young children.
Authors: Yi Ying Ong, Jonathan Y Huang, Navin Michael, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Wen Lun Yuan, Ling-Wei Chen, Neerja Karnani, S Sendhil Velan, Marielle V Fortier, Kok Hian Tan, Peter D Gluckman, Fabian Yap, Yap-Seng Chong, Keith M Godfrey, Mary F-F Chong, Shiao-Yng Chan, Yung Seng Lee, Mya-Thway Tint, Johan G Eriksson
Institutions: National University of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-NUS Medical School, University of Auckland, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, National University Hospital, National University Health System, Folkhälsans Forskningscentrum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital
Language: English
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research, British Heart Foundation, European Commission, National Research Foundation, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, National University of Singapore, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, National Research Foundation Singapore, National University Health System, National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council, National Medical Research Council, Erasmus+
Awards: Programme 1: Musculoskeletal health in later life, G1917706474, G2693923786, G2780654756, G3424013768, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, G3521509650, G3772266808, G389277099, G427574963, Early Nutrition eAcademy Southeast Asia, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, Capacity Building to Improve Early Nutrition and Health in South Africa, Programme 3: Early development and risk of adult musculoskeletal disease, G524590474, Epigenetic biomarkers and determinants of cardiovascular risk in children, G5755632036, G606602278, G6206044308, G7148818572, G7388601084, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre - Core Support, G8260109846, G8346907872, Nutrition, Development and Lifelong Health: Studies in European Populations
OpenAlex ID: W3126973042