Prospective Statewide Study of Universal Screening for Hereditary Colorectal Cancer: The Ohio Colorectal Cancer Prevention Initiative
Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: PURPOSE Hereditary cancer syndromes infer high cancer risks and require intensive surveillance. Identification of high-risk individuals among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) needs improvement. METHODS Three thousand three hundred ten unselected adults who underwent surgical resection for primary invasive CRC were prospectively accrued from 51 hospitals across Ohio between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2016. Universal Tumor screening (UTS) for mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency was performed for all, and pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) were identified using multigene panel testing (MGPT) in those who met at least one inclusion criterion: MMR deficiency, diagnosed < 50 years, multiple primary tumors (CRC or endometrial cancer), or with a first-degree relative with CRC or endometrial cancer. RESULTS Five hundred twenty-five patients (15.9%) had MMR deficiency. Two hundred thirty-four of 3,310 (7.1%; 16% of the 1,462 who received MGPT) had 248 PGVs in cancer susceptibility genes. One hundred forty-two (4.3%) had a PGV in an MMR gene, and 101 (3.1%) had a PGV in a non-MMR gene. Ten with Lynch syndrome (LS) also had a non-MMR PGV and were included in both groups. Two (0.06%) had constitutional MLH1 hypermethylation. Of unexplained MMR-deficient patients, 88.4% (76 of 86) had double somatic MMR mutations. Testing for only MMR genes in MMR-deficient patients would have missed 18 non-MMR gene PGVs (7.3% of total PGVs identified). Had UTS been the only method used to screen for hereditary cancer syndromes, 38.6% (91 of 236) would have been missed, including 6.3% (9 of 144) of those with LS. These results have treatment implications as 5.3% (175 of 3,310) had PGVs in genes with therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION UTS alone is insufficient for identifying a large proportion of CRC patients with hereditary syndromes, including some with LS. At a minimum, 7.1% of individuals with CRC have a PGV and pan-cancer MGPT should be considered for all patients with CRC.
Source: JCO Precision Oncology
DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00525
Authors: Rachel Pearlman, Wendy L. Frankel, Benjamin J. Swanson, Dan Jones, Weiqiang Zhao, Ahmet Yilmaz, Kristin Miller, Jason Bacher, Christopher Bigley, Lori Nelsen, Paul J. Goodfellow, Richard M. Goldberg, Electra Paskett, Peter G. Shields, Jo L. Freudenheim, Peter P. Stanich, Ilene Lattimer, Mark Arnold, Thomas W. Prior, Mitchell Haut, Matthew F. Kalady, Brandie Heald, Ian Paquette, David J. Draper, Joanna M. Brell, Sameer Mahesh, Kisa Weeman, Shyamal Bastola, Jeffrey Zangmeister, Aruna Gowda, Filix Kencana, Albert Malcolm, Yinong Liu, Sharon Cole, Charles Bane, Chaoyang Li, Esther Rehmus, Colin C. Pritchard, Brian H. Shirts, Angela Jacobson, Shelly A. Cummings, Albert de la Chapelle, Heather Hampel
Institutions: The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, West Virginia University, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Case Western Reserve University, Mercy Medical Center, Cleveland Clinic, University of Cincinnati, Good Samaritan Hospital, TriHealth, MetroHealth, MetroHealth Medical Center, Summa Akron City Hospital, Aultman Hospital, Genesis HealthCare System, Mark H. Zangmeister Cancer Center, Springfield Regional Medical Center, Atrium Medical Cente, Southern Ohio Medical Center, Blanchard Valley Health System, Good Samaritan Hospital, Grady Memorial Hospital, Cleveland Clinic Akron General, University of Washington, Myriad Genetics
Language: English
Subfield: Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W3159191380