Nanomedicine-based technologies and novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: from current to future challenges
Year: 2021
Type: review
Abstract: Increasing life expectancy has led to an aging population, which has consequently increased the prevalence of dementia. Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia worldwide, is estimated to make up 50-80% of all cases. AD cases are expected to reach 131 million by 2050, and this increasing prevalence will critically burden economies and health systems in the next decades. There is currently no treatment that can stop or reverse disease progression. In addition, the late diagnosis of AD constitutes a major obstacle to effective disease management. Therefore, improved diagnostic tools and new treatments for AD are urgently needed. In this review, we investigate and describe both well-established and recently discovered AD biomarkers that could potentially be used to detect AD at early stages and allow the monitoring of disease progression. Proteins such as NfL, MMPs, p-tau217, YKL-40, SNAP-25, VCAM-1, and Ng / BACE are some of the most promising biomarkers because of their successful use as diagnostic tools. In addition, we explore the most recent molecular strategies for an AD therapeutic approach and nanomedicine-based technologies, used to both target drugs to the brain and serve as devices for tracking disease progression diagnostic biomarkers. State-of-the-art nanoparticles, such as polymeric, lipid, and metal-based, are being widely investigated for their potential to improve the effectiveness of both conventional drugs and novel compounds for treating AD. The most recent studies on these nanodevices are deeply explained and discussed in this review.
Source: Journal of Nanobiotechnology
Institutions: Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Biomedical Research Networking Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Fundació ACE, Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia de la Universitat de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, University College London, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Fondazione Umberto Veronesi, University of Coimbra, University of Minho
Language: English
Subfield: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Field: Neuroscience
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,890
Awards: Centro de Engenharia Biológica da Universidade do Minho, G3022609761, G4666799922, G4850785371, G5867106588, G6565430356, Utilidad de los exosomas neuronales como biomarcadores plasmáticos en la caracterización clínico-biológica del deterioro cognitivo leve de inicio precoz, Utilidad de la Angiografía por Tomografía de Coherencia Óptica (OCT-A) como biomarcador de la patología vascular cerebral en la Enfermedad de Alzheimer preclínica y prodrómica, G8002304242, G957777297
OpenAlex ID: W3159530706