Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: The emergence of three-dimensional human organoids has opened the door for the development of patient-derived cancer organoid (PDO) models, which closely recapitulate parental tumor tissue. The mainstays of preclinical cancer modeling include in vitro cell lines and patient-derived xenografts, but these models lack the cellular heterogeneity seen in human tumors. Moreover, xenograft establishment is resource and time intensive, rendering these models difficult to use to inform clinical trials and decisions. PDOs, however, can be created efficiently and retain tumor-specific properties such as cellular heterogeneity, cell-cell and cell-stroma interactions, the tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic responsiveness. PDO models and drug-screening protocols have been described for several solid tumors and, more recently, for gliomas. Since PDOs can be developed in clinically relevant time frames and share many characteristics of parent tumors, they may enhance the ability to provide precision oncologic care for patients. This review explores the current literature on cancer organoids, highlighting the history of PDO development, organoid models of glioma, and potential clinical applications of PDOs.
Source: Journal of Personalized Medicine
DOI: 10.3390/jpm11050423
Institutions: The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Dana-Farber Brigham Cancer Center, The University of Texas at San Antonio Health Science Center, Children's Medical Center, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
Language: English
Topic: Cancer Cells and Metastasis
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $1,944
OpenAlex ID: W3163530509