Are neighbourhood restaurants related to frequency of restaurant meals and dietary quality? Prevalence and changes over time in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the density of neighbourhood restaurants affected the frequency of eating restaurant meals and subsequently affected diet quality. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Structural equation models assessed the indirect relationship between restaurant density (≤3 miles (4·8 km) of participant addresses) and dietary quality (Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI)) via the frequency of eating restaurant meals, after adjustment for sociodemographics, select health conditions, region, residence duration and area-level income. SETTING: Urbanised areas in multiple regions of the USA, years 2000-2002 and 2010-2012. PARTICIPANTS: Participants aged 45-84 years were followed for 10 years (n 3567). RESULTS: Median HEI (out of 100) was fifty-nine at baseline and sixty-two at follow-up. The cross-sectional analysis found that residing in areas with a high density of restaurants (highest-ranked quartile) was associated with 52 % higher odds of frequently eating restaurant meals (≥3 times/week, OR: 1·52, 95 % CI 1·18, 1·98) and 3 % higher odds of having lower dietary quality (HEI lowest quartile < 54, OR: 1·03, 95 % CI 1·01, 1·06); associations were not sustained in longitudinal analyses. The cross-sectional analysis found 34 % higher odds of having lower dietary quality for those who frequently ate at restaurants (OR: 1·34, 95 % CI 1·12, 1·61), and more restaurant meals (over time increase ≥ 1 time/week) were associated with higher odds of having worse dietary quality at follow-up (OR: 1·21, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·46). CONCLUSIONS: Restaurant density was associated with frequently eating out in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses but was associated with the lower dietary quality only in cross-sectional analyses. Frequent restaurant meals were negatively related to dietary quality. Interventions that encourage less frequent eating out may improve population dietary quality.
Source: Public Health Nutrition
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1409423729, G1539384734, Characterizing health impacts of built environment features using complex data, G2495941498, G2499215669, G2580996367, SUBCLINICAL CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE STUDY--EBCT READING, G3647016462, G5088122703, G5108002584, Neighborhoods and Cardiovascular Risk in a Multiethnic Cohort, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, MESA, G7543494365, Michigan Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities (CIAHD), Clinical and Translational Science Award, G94668252
OpenAlex ID: W3165220573