Work

Human APOBEC3 Variations and Viral Infection

Year: 2021

Type: article

Abstract: Human APOBEC3 (apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3) enzymes are capable of inhibiting a wide range of endogenous and exogenous viruses using deaminase and deaminase-independent mechanisms. These enzymes are essential components of our innate immune system, as evidenced by (a) their strong positive selection and expansion in primates, (b) the evolution of viral counter-defense mechanisms, such as proteasomal degradation mediated by HIV Vif, and (c) hypermutation and inactivation of a large number of integrated HIV-1 proviruses. Numerous APOBEC3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, haplotypes, and splice variants have been identified in humans. Several of these variants have been reported to be associated with differential antiviral immunity. This review focuses on the current knowledge in the field about these natural variations and their roles in infectious diseases.

Source: Viruses

DOI: 10.3390/v13071366

Authors: Shiva Sadeghpour, Saeideh Khodaee, Mostafa Rahnama, Hamzeh Rahimi, Diako Ebrahimi

Institutions: University of California, Irvine, University of Tehran, University of Kentucky, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Texas Biomedical Research Institute

Language: English

Topic: HIV Research and Treatment

Subfield: Virology

Field: Immunology and Microbiology

Domain: Life Sciences

SDG: Good health and well-being

Open Access status: gold

Estimated APC paid: $2,376