Methods and indicators to validate country reductions in incidence of hepatitis C virus infection to elimination levels set by the World Health Organization
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: One of the main goals of the 2016 Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis is the elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health problem by 2030, defined as an 80% reduction in incidence and 65% reduction in mortality relative to 2015. Although monitoring HCV incidence is key to validating HCV elimination, it can be resource-intensive for countries to measure this metric using the gold-standard method, which involves prospective HCV re-testing of people at risk. Additionally, few countries have collected quality data in 2015 to document an 80% decrease by 2030. In this paper, we first review different methods by which HCV incidence can be monitored and discuss their resource implications and applicability to various populations. Second, using mathematical models developed for various global settings, we assess whether trends in HCV chronic or antibody prevalence or scale-up levels for HCV testing, treatment and preventative interventions can be used as reliable alternative indicators to validate the HCV incidence target. Third, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of an absolute HCV incidence target and suggest a suitable threshold. We then propose three options that countries can use to validate the HCV incidence target, depending on the available surveillance infrastructure.
Source: PubMed Central
Authors: Artenie, Adelina, Luhmann, Niklas, Lim, Aaron G., Fraser, Hannah, Ward, Zoe, Stone, Jack, MacGregor, Louis, Walker, Josephine G., Trickey, Adam, Marquez, Lara K., Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Ayoub, Houssein H., Walsh, Nick, Hickman, Matthew, Martin, Natasha K., Easterbrook, Philippa, Vickerman, Peter
Language: English
Topic: Hepatitis C virus research
Subfield: Hepatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: green
Funders: World Health Organization, Gilead Sciences, Qatar Foundation, National Institute for Health and Care Research, Fonds National de la Recherche Luxembourg, National Institutes of Health, Center for AIDS Research, University of Washington, University of California, San Diego, Qatar National Research Fund, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Center for AIDS Research, University of California, San Diego
Awards: G1028501051, G2747495565, Informing hepatitis C virus elimination strategies with epidemiological data from highest need populations, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, G342295615, G3789320706, Increasing Access to Hepatitis C Treatment in Opioid Endemic Rural Areas: the Kentucky Viral Hepatitis Treatment (KeY Treat) Study, G495691247, Expanding Medication Assisted Therapy in Ukraine (ExMAT), Modeling the impact and cost-effectiveness of opioid agonist treatments to reduce the negative consequences of incarceration on HIV and TB transmission in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, Optimizing HIV prevention portfolios targeting people who inject drugs using dynamic economic modeling, G7291770091, G7465913320, G8259150102, Evaluating the Population Impact of Hepatitis C Direct Acting Antivral Treatment as Prevention for People Who Inject Drugs (EPIToPe), Modeling Structural HIV Determinants in Substance Users and related populations, G9000124410, Training Program in Substance Use, HIV and Related Infections, San Diego Center for AIDS Research (SD CFAR)
OpenAlex ID: W3195695437