Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background The link between diet, inflammation and depressive symptoms (DepS) are of increasing interest. The study aims to assess the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and DepS using the North-West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS) cohort and update the previous meta-analysis. Methods A total of 1743 (mean□SD age 56.6±13.6 years, 51% female) and 859 (mean□SD age 58.4±12.1 years, 52.6% female) of NWAHS participants were included for cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis respectively. DII was determined using food frequency questionnaires, and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) assessed DepS. Log- and negative binomial regression were used to assess the association between quartiles of DII and DepS. Results In a fully adjusted model, higher DII score (i.e. pro-inflammatory diet) was associated with 79% increase in odds of reporting DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.79; 95% CI: 1.14-2.81; ptrend=0.026). Men with higher DII had two-fold higher odds of DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:2.27; 95% CI: 1.02-5.06; ptrend=0.089). Women with higher DII had an 81% increase in odds of DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.81; 95% CI: 1.01-3.26; ptrend=0.068). These associations were consistent in the longitudinal analysis. The meta-analysis (n = 12) showed that a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with a 45% increase in odds of having DepS (ORQuartile4vs1:1.45; 95% CI: 1.20,1.74, p-value<0.01). Conclusions A pro-inflammatory diet was positively associated with increased risk of DepS. Our findings support the current evidence that shows the role of pro-inflammatory diet in DepS. Key messages Increase the consumption of anti-inflammatory diet to reduce depressive symptoms
Language: English
Topic: Nutritional Studies and Diet
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: bronze
OpenAlex ID: W3197029499