Work

Determinants of Harem Size in a Polygynous Primate: Reproductive Success and Social Benefits

Year: 2021

Type: article

Abstract: We used long-term data on the variation in harem size in Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys to research the effects of harem size on reproductive success and the ratio of grooming received to given (RGRG). The results suggest that harem holders derive reproductive benefits commensurate with harem size, whereas the females' reproductive success is unaffected by harem size. Males of larger harems groomed less and had higher RGRG than males of smaller harems. In the case of females, grooming given increased, and RGRG decreased with an increase in harem size. The males' reproductive success seems to be a driver of harem size maximization. From the females' perspective, dwindling social benefits appear to set the upper limit for harem enlargement. We also showed that males of monogamous units ('single-female harems') invested more into grooming their female, presumably to prevent unit disintegration and loss of mating privileges.

Source: Animals

DOI: 10.3390/ani11102915

Authors: Wancai Xia, Cyril C. Grueter, Baoping Ren, Dejun Zhang, Xiaoxia Yuan, Dayong Li