Year: 2021
Type: review
Abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved pathway, in which cytoplasmic components are sequestered within double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes and then transported into lysosomes or vacuoles for degradation. Over 40 conserved autophagy-related (ATG) genes define the core machinery for the five processes of autophagy: initiation, nucleation, elongation, closure, and fusion. In this review, we focus on one of the least well-characterized events in autophagy, namely the closure of the isolation membrane/phagophore to form the sealed autophagosome. This process is tightly regulated by ESCRT machinery, ATG proteins, Rab GTPase and Rab-related proteins, SNAREs, sphingomyelin, and calcium. We summarize recent progress in the regulation of autophagosome closure and discuss the key questions remaining to be addressed.
Source: Cells
Authors: Wenyan Jiang, Xuechai Chen, Cuicui Ji, Wenting Zhang, Jianing Song, Jie Li, Juan Wang
Language: English
Subfield: Epidemiology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,160
OpenAlex ID: W3206714583