CAR T cells with dual targeting of CD19 and CD22 in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a phase 1 trial
Year: 2021
Type: article
Study design: Clinical Trial
Abstract: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 or CD22 have shown remarkable activity in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The major cause of treatment failure is antigen downregulation or loss. Dual antigen targeting could potentially prevent this, but the clinical safety and efficacy of CAR T cells targeting both CD19 and CD22 remain unclear. We conducted a phase 1 trial in pediatric and young adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-ALL (n = 15) to test AUTO3, autologous transduced T cells expressing both anti-CD19 and anti-CD22 CARs (AMELIA trial, EUDRA CT 2016-004680-39). The primary endpoints were the incidence of grade 3-5 toxicity in the dose-limiting toxicity period and the frequency of dose-limiting toxicities. Secondary endpoints included the rate of morphological remission (complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) with minimal residual disease-negative response, as well as the frequency and severity of adverse events, expansion and persistence of AUTO3, duration of B cell aplasia, and overall and event-free survival. The study endpoints were met. AUTO3 showed a favorable safety profile, with no dose-limiting toxicities or cases of AUTO3-related severe cytokine release syndrome or neurotoxicity reported. At 1 month after treatment the remission rate (that is, complete response or complete response with incomplete bone marrow recovery) was 86% (13 of 15 patients). The 1 year overall and event-free survival rates were 60% and 32%, respectively. Relapses were probably due to limited long-term AUTO3 persistence. Strategies to improve CAR T cell persistence are needed to fully realize the potential of dual targeting CAR T cell therapy in B-ALL.
Source: Nature Medicine
Authors: Shaun Cordoba, Shimobi Onuoha, Simon Thomas, Daniela Soriano Pignataro, Rachael Hough, Sara Ghorashian, Ajay Vora, Denise Bonney, Paul Veys, Kanchan Rao, Giovanna Lucchini, Robert Chiesa, Jan Chu, Liz Clark, Mei Mei Fung, Koval Smith, Carlotta Peticone, Muhammad Al-Hajj, Vania Baldan, Mathieu Ferrari, Saket Srivastava, Ram Jha, Frederick Arce Vargas, Kevin Duffy, William Day, Paul Virgo, Lucy Wheeler, Jeremy Hancock, Farzin Farzaneh, Sabine Domning, Yiyun Zhang, Nushmia Z. Khokhar, Vijay G. R. Peddareddigari, Robert Wynn, Martin Pule, Persis J. Amrolia
Language: English
Topic: CAR-T cell therapy research
Subfield: Oncology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $11,390
Funders: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust/Institute of Cancer Research, National Institute for Health and Care Research, University College London, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
Awards: Large scale lentiviral vector production, G2787945075, G4124537697, Second Generation Bio-Lentivir Packaging Cell Line for Facile Lentivirus Production, To develop novel cell therapies to improve outcomes after stem cell and organ transplant., BRIC: Packaging cell lines for inherently manufacturable viral vectors, SPONTANEOUSLY BIOTINYLATED LENTIVIRAL VECTORS FOR ENVELOPE INDEPENDENT TARGETING OF INFECTION
OpenAlex ID: W3207961322