Update on Non-immediate Drug Allergy Reactions: State and New Aspects
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: Purpose of the review: Among the Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR), around 10-15% are driven by an immunological
mechanism and considered as allergic drug reactions. Within the Type IV of drug allergic reactions and in accordance
with Gell and Coombs classification, the non-immediate drug hypersensitivity reactions (NI-DHR) relates to the
most complex group of drug allergy, being cellular mediated responses and appearing from 1 hour to several weeks
after drug/metabolites exposure. Current diagnosis protocols are limited and there is an unmet need to identify
a diagnostic approach that mimic the pathological response and enhance the possibilities for a more accurate and
realistic diagnosis.
Recent findings: Changes in gene patterns induced during the acute phase of the NI-DHR provide clues of the
underlying immunological mechanisms, while the study and identification of specific HLA profiles in selected
patients allows making inference about the risk of suffer a reaction.
Conclusion: Advances on the knowledge of NI-DHR, based on genetic and transcriptomic analysis, will provide
better understanding of the biology behind, as well as more opportunities to diagnose and treat the patients.
Source: Journal of Dermatitis
Authors: Enrique Gómez, Natalia Blanca‐López
Language: English
Subfield: Pharmacology (medical)
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W3210549252