Year: 2021
Type: review
Abstract: The capsid core of HIV-1 is a large macromolecular assembly that surrounds the viral genome and is an essential component of the infectious virus. In addition to its multiple roles throughout the viral life cycle, the capsid interacts with multiple host factors. Owing to its indispensable nature, the HIV-1 capsid has been the target of numerous antiretrovirals, though most capsid-targeting molecules have not had clinical success until recently. Lenacapavir, a long-acting drug that targets the HIV-1 capsid, is currently undergoing phase 2/3 clinical trials, making it the most successful capsid inhibitor to-date. In this review, we detail the role of the HIV-1 capsid protein in the virus life cycle, categorize antiviral compounds based on their targeting of five sites within the HIV-1 capsid, and discuss their molecular interactions and mechanisms of action. The diverse range of inhibition mechanisms provides insight into possible new strategies for designing novel HIV-1 drugs and furthers our understanding of HIV-1 biology.
Source: Retrovirology
Language: English
Topic: HIV Research and Treatment
Subfield: Virology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,890
Awards: G1350221825, Molecular Interactions of HIV-1 with the Nuclear Pore Complex, CAREER: Secondary Amine Selective Petasis (SASP) Bioconjugation, G4627260957, G4635595422, HIV Interactions In Viral Evolution, Molecular Imaging Agents for Monitoring Lysine Demethylases in Cell, G9000117296, G9000188801, Development of HIV capsid-targeting antivirals that affect immune response by modulating capsid stability and have improved resistance profiles, Training Program in Biochemistry, Cell and Development Biology
OpenAlex ID: W4200062692