The Similarities and Differences Between Glomerular vs. Non-glomerular Diagnoses on Intelligence and Executive Functions in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease: A Brief Report
Year: 2021
Type: article
Abstract: Pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) appears to be a heterogeneous group of conditions, but this heterogeneity has not been explored with respect to its impact on neurocognitive functioning. This study investigated the neurocognitive functioning of those with glomerular (G) vs. non-glomerular (NG) diagnoses. Data from the North American CKiD Study were employed and the current study included 1,003 children and adolescents with mild to moderate CKD. The G Group included 260 participants (median age = 14.7 years) and the NG Group included 743 individuals (median age = 9.0 years). Neurocognitive measures assessed IQ, inhibitory control, attention regulation, problem solving, working memory, and overall executive functioning. Data from all visits were included in the linear mixed model analyses. After adjusting for sociodemographic and CKD-related covariates, results indicated no differences between the diagnostic groups on measures of IQ, problem solving, working memory, and attention regulation. There was a trend for the G group to receive better parent ratings on their overall executive functions (p < 0.07), with a small effect size being present. Additionally, there was a significant G group X hypertension interaction (p < 0.003) for inhibitory control, indicating that those with both a G diagnosis and hypertension performed more poorly than the NG group with hypertension. These findings suggest that the separation of G vs. NG CKD produced minimal, but specific group differences were observed. Ongoing examination of the heterogeneity of pediatric CKD on neurocognition, perhaps at a different time point in disease progression or using a different model, appears warranted.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology
Institutions: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of Missouri–Kansas City, University of Rochester Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Johns Hopkins Medicine
Language: English
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
Funders: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Missouri, Johns Hopkins University, University of Rochester, Children's Mercy Hospital, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Medical Center, University of Rochester, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G1132871399, G7218409587, The Kidney Disease in Children Data Management and Analysis Center (KIDMAC), Central Biochemistry Laboratory of the CKiD Consortium, The Kidney Disease in Children Data Management and Analysis Center (KIDMAC), Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD), Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD V)
OpenAlex ID: W4200510828