Year: 2018
Type: review
Abstract: Peroxisomes are key metabolic organelles, which contribute to cellular lipid metabolism, e.g. the β-oxidation of fatty acids and the synthesis of myelin sheath lipids, as well as cellular redox balance. Peroxisomal dysfunction has been linked to severe metabolic disorders in man, but peroxisomes are now also recognized as protective organelles with a wider significance in human health and potential impact on a large number of globally important human diseases such as neurodegeneration, obesity, cancer, and age-related disorders. Therefore, the interest in peroxisomes and their physiological functions has significantly increased in recent years. In this review, we intend to highlight recent discoveries, advancements and trends in peroxisome research, and present an update as well as a continuation of two former review articles addressing the unsolved mysteries of this astonishing organelle. We summarize novel findings on the biological functions of peroxisomes, their biogenesis, formation, membrane dynamics and division, as well as on peroxisome–organelle contacts and cooperation. Furthermore, novel peroxisomal proteins and machineries at the peroxisomal membrane are discussed. Finally, we address recent findings on the role of peroxisomes in the brain, in neurological disorders, and in the development of cancer.
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology
Language: English
Subfield: Cell Biology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $2,990
Awards: Molecular mechanisms of the targeting of tail-anchored membrane proteins to peroxisomes and mitochondria in mammalian cells, Unveiling novel functions of peroxisomal lipid-binding proteins in interorganellar cooperation and regulation of lipid metabolism, G5990106722, Molekulare und funktionelle Charakterisierung einer Membrankontaktzone zwischen Peroxisomen und dem endoplasmatischen Retikulum, Promoting Innovation and Collaboration: Translational Medicine in Exeter (PICTME)
OpenAlex ID: W4205992121