Responses to positive affect and unique resting-state connectivity in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis
Year: 2022
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis (CHR) report dampened positive affect, while this deficit appears to be an important clinical marker, our current understanding of underlying causes is limited. Dysfunctional regulatory strategies (i.e., abnormal use of dampening, self-focused, or emotion-focused strategies) may account for dampening affect but has not yet been examined. Participants (57 CHR and 56 healthy controls) completed the Response to Positive Affect Scale, clinical interviews, and resting-state scan examining nucleus accumbens (NAcc) connectivity. Individuals at CHR for psychosis showed greater dampening (but no differences in self/emotion-focus) in self-reported response to positive affect compared to healthy controls. In individuals at CHR, higher levels of dampening and lower levels of self-focus were associated with higher positive and lower negative symptoms. Dampening responses were related to decreased dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex-NAcc resting-state connectivity in the CHR group but increased dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex-NAcc resting-state connectivity in the healthy control group. Self-focused responses were related to increased dorsolateral prefrontal cortex-NAcc resting-state connectivity in the CHR group but decreased resting-state connectivity in the healthy control group. Self-reported dampening of positive affect was elevated in individuals at CHR for psychosis. Dampening and self-focused responses were associated with distinct resting-state connectivity compared to peers, suggesting unique mechanisms underlying these emotion regulation strategies. Responses to positive affect may be a useful target for cognitive treatment, but individuals at CHR show distinct neurocorrelates and may require a tailored approach.
Source: NeuroImage Clinical
Institution: Northwestern University
Language: English
Subfield: Psychiatry and Mental health
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,240
Awards: Exercise and markers of medial temporal health in youth at-risk for psychosis, Frontal-Subcortical Development, Movement Abnormalities, and Risk for Psychosis, Riboregulation in Pathogenic Rickettsiae, Exercise and markers of medial temporal health in youth at-risk for psychosis, High-Risk Psychosis Youth and Caregivers: Emotion in Interaction, An examination of psychomotor disturbance in current and remitted MDD: An RDoC Study, HyCCAPP: A new method for the functional analysis of regulatory SNPs, 2/3 Community psychosis risk screening: An instrument development study, HIV Exposed Uninfected Infant Cohort Study, Northwestern University Mental Health, Earlier: Transdiagnostic, Transdisciplinary, Translational Training Program in Neurodevelopmental Mechanisms of Psychopathology
OpenAlex ID: W4207041302