Year: 2022
Type: review
Abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in plasma in patients with familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS) or severe hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of potentially life-threatening pancreatitis. Elevated TRL levels have also been suggested to contribute to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review provides the latest progress that has been made in this field of research. RECENT FINDINGS: Apolipoprotein C-III and angiopoietin-like protein 3 play key roles in the metabolism of TRLs. Targeting their production in the liver or their presence in the circulation effectively reduces triglycerides in patients with FCS or severe hypertriglyceridemia. Attempts to reduce triglyceride synthesis in the small intestine have been halted. Early studies with a fibroblast growth factor 21 agonist have shown to reduce plasma triglycerides and hepatic steatosis and improve glucose homeostasis. New drugs have recently been shown to effectively reduce plasma triglycerides which render hope for treating the risk of pancreatitis. Studies that have just been initiated will learn whether this unmet clinical will be met. It is too early to evaluate the potential of these drugs to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis through the reduction of triglycerides.
Source: Current Atherosclerosis Reports
Authors: Jolien Visser, Willemien van Zwol, Jan Albert Kuivenhoven
Institutions: University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen
Language: English
Subfield: Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,290
Funder: Hartstichting
Awards: G1084116739, G1595286417
OpenAlex ID: W4210473424