Effect of Sowing Date, Fertilizers and Broomrape Control Treatments on Faba Bean (vicia Faba L.) Productivity.
Year: 2016
Type: article
Abstract: Two field experiments were carried out during two successive seasons (2013/2014 and 2014/2015) in naturally Orobanche infested soil at Shandaweel Research Station, Agricultural Research Center, Sohag Governorate.Studies were carried out to investigate the effect of two sowing dates (middle of October and first of November), three fertilizations (mineral fertilization at a rate of 20 kg N/fed, Farm yard manure at a rate of 20 m 3 /fed and no fertilization) and five broomrape control treatments (glyphosate at a rate 50 cm 3 /fed+hand pulling once (H.P), glyphosate at a rate 75 cm 3 /fed+hand pulling once, glyphosate twice at a rate of 75+50 cm 3 /fed, hand pulling twice and untreated) on broomrape control and faba bean productivity.The results showed that sowing date, first of November significantly reduced both the dry weight of broomrape as compared to the other sowing date (mid. of October).The decreasing percentage in weight of broomrape by sowing on the first of November was 23.54% as compared with the first sowing date (mid. of October).Sowing date mid. of October recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes.The mineral and organic fertilizers significantly reduced both the number and dry weights of broomrape compared with the control.Moreover, mineral fertilizer delayed shoot emergence above the soil.Also, the fertilizer recorded the highest values of growth characters, yield and yield attributes. Application of glyphosate once with a rate of 50 cm 3 or (glyphosate one time with rate 75cm 3 /fed) glyphosate two times with a rate of 50 cm 3 + 75 cm 3 significantly decreased the number, dry weight of proomrape and delayed its emergence compared with the untreated plots.Hand pulling twice was the most significant treatment in increasing yield and yield attributes .Moreover, hand pulling twice and glyphosate two times 50+75 caused faba bean seed yield increase of 75.8 and 72.2% respectively.Meanwhile applying glyphosate once at a rate of 50 cm 3 and once at rate of 75 cm 3 resulted in an increase of 69.6 and 63.2%9 in faba bean seed yield; respectively, over the untreated control treatment.Maximum seed yield was obtained with sowing on mid. of October, adding mineral fertilization and the application of glyphosate two times 50+75.There was a strong negative correlation between faba bean seed yield and the number and weight of Orobanche infestation/m 2 (r = -0.548**,-0.528**respectively).Also, it is clear that these treatments which had low Orobanche infestation had good growth patterns and hence showed high seed yield Key words: Orobanche crenata, faba bean, glyphosate, sowing dates. 1.INTRODUCTIONBroomrape is considered one of the most serious agricultural problems in Egypt, Mediterranean countries and different parts of the world, causing severe damage to legume crops ( Mauromicale et al., 2000).Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca pers.) is a parasite that attacks the roots of many dicotyledonous crops including legumes.It draws carbon, nutrients and water through haustoria, which connect the parasite with the host's vascular system.Broomrape infestation causes reductions in crop yield, adversely affecting crop quality and results in a loss of cultivated land area (Nandula, 1998).Among the most affected crops are legumes.Management of broomrape is difficult because of its close association with the host.Broomrapes are obligate holophrastic weeds that cause severe damage to the most important vegetable and
Authors: A. Fakkar, H. Ibrahim, M. Raslan
Institution: Agricultural Research Center
Language: English
Subfield: Plant Science
Domain: Life Sciences
SDG: Zero hunger
Open Access status: diamond
OpenAlex ID: W4210799802