Predicting eating disorder and anxiety symptoms using disorder-specific and transdiagnostic polygenic scores for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder
Year: 2022
Type: review
Abstract: Background Clinical, epidemiological, and genetic findings support an overlap between eating disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and anxiety symptoms. However, little research has examined the role of genetics in the expression of underlying phenotypes. We investigated whether the anorexia nervosa (AN), OCD, or AN/OCD transdiagnostic polygenic scores (PGS) predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms in a large developmental cohort in a sex-specific manner. Methods Using summary statistics from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium AN and OCD genome-wide association studies, we conducted an AN/OCD transdiagnostic genome-wide association meta-analysis. We then calculated AN, OCD, and AN/OCD PGS in participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children to predict eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety symptoms, stratified by sex (combined N = 3212–5369 per phenotype). Results The PGS prediction of eating disorder, OCD, and anxiety phenotypes differed between sexes, although effect sizes were small. AN and AN/OCD PGS played a more prominent role in predicting eating disorder and anxiety risk than OCD PGS, especially in girls. AN/OCD PGS provided a small boost over AN PGS in the prediction of some anxiety symptoms. All three PGS predicted higher compulsive exercise across different developmental timepoints [ β = 0.03 ( s.e. = 0.01) for AN and AN/OCD PGS at age 14; β = 0.05 ( s.e. = 0.02) for OCD PGS at age 16] in girls. Conclusions Compulsive exercise may have a transdiagnostic genetic etiology, and AN genetic risk may play a role in the presence of anxiety symptoms. Converging with prior twin literature, our results also suggest that some of the contribution of genetic risk may be sex-specific.
Source: Psychological Medicine
Authors: Zeynep Yilmaz, Katherine Schaumberg, Matthew Halvorsen, Erica L. Goodman, Leigh C. Brosof, James J. Crowley, Anorexia Nervosa Genetics Initiative, Carol A. Mathews, Manuel Mattheisen, Gerome Breen, Cynthia M. Bulik, Nadia Micali, Stephanie C. Zerwas
Institutions: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Aarhus University, Karolinska Institutet, University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of North Dakota, University of Louisville, University of Florida, University of Würzburg, Lundbeck Foundation, National Health Service, King's College London, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, University of Geneva, University Hospital of Geneva, University College London
Language: English
Subfield: Clinical Psychology
Field: Psychology
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,255
Funders: Eli Lilly and Company, Klarman Family Foundation, International OCD Foundation, Tourette Association of America, National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression, Wellcome Trust, University of Bristol, Lundbeckfonden, Vetenskapsrådet, H. Lundbeck A/S, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals, Medical Research Council, National Institute of Mental Health
Awards: Neurobiological and Behavioral Risk Mechanisms of Youth Avoidant/Restrictive Eating Trajectories, G103800658, G1181994271, G1375331873, G1482489452, G1493295073, Eating Disorders Genetics Initiative (EDGI), G1684393010, G1793884970, Shared Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Denmark, G211885902, G214445032, G2424738646, G2719215791, 1/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Finding actionable variation, Polygenic and trans-diagnostic risk for anorexia nervosa and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Novel associations with emotional, behavioral, and cognitive dysfunction in a population-based cohort, OCD: Novel Comparative Genomic Approaches to Identify Disease and Treatment Mechanisms, G303339423, G3197369316, G3246699782, G3298186876, Persisting Effects of Prenatal Anxiety on Child Outcomes, The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): A multi- generation, longitudinal resource focusing on life course health and well- being., G3964009410, G3987754321, G3990617762, Predicting Binge and Purge Episodes from Passive and Active Apple Watch Data Using a Dynamical Systems Approach, G4670273794, G5012122282, G5162486390, G5408826359, Premorbid metabolism and growth in anorexia nervosa: A genetically informed exploration of risk, Developmental Psychopathology of Restrictive and Binge Eating in Childhood, G6689231961, Driven exercise and risk for eating disorders: A combined genetic and longitudinal epidemiological investigation, G6940952066, G6988814273, The developmental role of metabolism, appetite and growth in eating disorders: exploring novel longitudinal risk pathways, G7367331789, Genetic & Environmental Predictors of Tourette Syndrome & OCD in Denmark, G792825315, Predicting the multi-omic impact of psychiatric GWAS associations, The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): A multi-generation, longitudinal resource focusing on life course health and well-being., G801210579, 1/7 PGC: Advancing Discovery and Impact
OpenAlex ID: W4214924716