Year: 2022
Type: preprint
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: The post-1990 period continues to witness focus on addressing environmental pollution, conservation of biological diversity, restoration of natural ecosystems, and sustainable development. For India, it is further contextualized by the launch of the economic liberalization process in 1991, as it unleashed a severe contestation between economic activity and environmental conservation needs. From the literature, five environmental policy paradigm shifts are apparent in the post-1990 period in India: a) right to a clean environment as a fundamental right; b) polluter accountable for pollution; c) prevention approach to pollution; d) intergenerational considerations in environmental decision-making; and e) consultations-based approach to decision making. Results of the questionnaire-based survey reveal that a predominant majority of experts agrees on the abovementioned policy paradigm shifts. Such agreements range between 68% for ‘intergenerational consideration in decision-making’ to 93% for ‘right to clean environment’. Among the drivers of change, court judgments and civil society groups are the most influential drivers followed by the agency of international conventions, industrial accidents, constitutional amendments, and externally aided projects.
Source: Research Square
Author: JAGMOHAN SHARMA
Language: English
Topic: Environmental law and policy
Subfield: Law
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4220658896