Global Emissions of Hydrogen Chloride and Particulate Chloride from Continental Sources

Year: 2022

Type: article

Abstract: Gaseous and particulate chlorine species play an important role in modulating tropospheric oxidation capacity, aerosol water uptake, visibility degradation, and human health. The lack of recent global continental chlorine emissions has hindered modeling studies of the role of chlorine in the atmosphere. Here, we develop a comprehensive global emission inventory of gaseous HCl and particulate Cl – (pCl), including 35 sources categorized in six source sectors based on published up-to-date activity data and emission factors. These emissions are gridded at a spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.1° for the years 1960 to 2014. The estimated emissions of HCl and pCl in 2014 are 2354 (1661–3201) and 2321 (930–3264) Gg Cl a –1, respectively. Emissions of HCl are mostly from open waste burning (38%), open biomass burning (19%), energy (19%), and residential (13%) sectors, and the major sources classified by fuel type are combustion of waste (43%), biomass (32%), and coal (25%). Emissions of pCl are mostly from biofuel (29%) and open biomass burning processes (44%). The sectoral and spatial distributions of HCl and pCl emissions are very heterogeneous along the study period, and the temporal trends are mainly driven by the changes in emission factors, energy intensity, economy, and population.

Source: Environmental Science & Technology

DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05634

Authors: Bingqing Zhang, Huizhong Shen, Xiao Yun, Qirui Zhong, Barron H. Henderson, Xuan Wang, Liuhua Shi, Sachin S. Gunthe, Lewis Gregory Huey, Shu Tao, Armistead G. Russell, Pengfei Liu

Institutions: Georgia Institute of Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Peking University, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Environmental Protection Agency, City University of Hong Kong, Emory University, Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Language: English

Topic: Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols

Subfield: Atmospheric Science

Field: Earth and Planetary Sciences

Domain: Physical Sciences

SDG: Climate action

Open Access status: green

Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Georgia Institute of Technology, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, Southern University of Science and Technology, Division of Chemical, Bioengineering, Environmental, and Transport Systems

OpenAlex ID: W4220719874