Work

CD14-positive extracellular vesicles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as a new biomarker of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Year: 2022

Type: article

Abstract: ABSTRACT Recent studies have indicated that extracellular vesicles (EV) may play a role in the pathogenesis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). EV have been identified as potential biomarkers of disease severity and prognosis in other pulmonary diseases. We sought to characterize the EV phenotype within ARDS patient broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BAL), and to determine whether BAL EV could be utilized as a potential biomarker in ARDS. BAL was collected from sepsis patients with and without ARDS, and from esophagectomy patients post-operatively (of whom a subset later developed ARDS during hospital admission). BAL EV were characterized with regards to size, number and cell of origin. Sepsis patients with ARDS had significantly higher numbers of CD14 + /CD81 + monocyte-derived BAL EV than sepsis patients without ARDS (p=0.015). However, the converse was observed in esophagectomy patients who later developed ARDS (p=0.003). Esophagectomy patients who developed ARDS also had elevated CD31 + /CD63 + and CD31 + /CD81 + endothelial-derived BAL EV (p≤0.02) compared to esophagectomy patients who did not develop ARDS. Further studies are required to determine whether CD31 + BAL EV may be a predictive biomarker for ARDS in esophagectomy patients. CD14 + /CD81 + BAL EV numbers were significantly higher in those patients with sepsis-related ARDS who died during the 30 days following ICU admission (p=0.027). Thus, CD14 + /CD81 + BAL EV are a potential biomarker for disease severity and mortality in sepsis-related ARDS. These findings provide the impetus to further elucidate the contribution of these EV to ARDS pathogenesis.

Source: American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology

DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00052.2022