Work

Unravelling the Myth of Gandhian Non-violence: Why Did Gandhi Connect His Principle ofSatyāgrahawith the “Hindu” Notion ofAhiṃsā?

Year: 2022

Type: article

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to unearth the genealogy of M. K. Gandhi's “non-violence,” the cardinal principle ofsatyāgraha. Previous works considered that Gandhi's concept of non-violence was essentially derived from the “ancient” Hindu–Jain precept ofahiṃsā(non-killing) common in the subcontinent. On the contrary, I will, by examining Gandhi's primary texts in Gujarati, Hindi, and English, demonstrate the following: (1) during Gandhi's sojourn in South Africa (1893–1914) where he led his firstsatyāgrahacampaign, he never associated the termahiṃsāwithsatyāgraha; (2) his satyāgraha campaign was initially explained with the trans-religious and cosmopolitan concepts of Tolstoy and thenirguṇ bhaktas; (3) Gandhi first began to use the termahiṃsāas a nationalist slogan linked withsatyāgrahaimmediately after his return to India in 1915; (4) the English translation ofahiṃsāas “non-violence” was eventually coined by Gandhi after 1919 during his all-Indiasatyāgrahacampaign.

Source: Modern Intellectual History

DOI: 10.1017/s1479244322000014

Author: Eijiro Hazama

Institution: Max Planck Institute for Political and Social Science

Language: English

Topic: Indian History and Philosophy

Subfield: Philosophy

Field: Arts and Humanities

Domain: Social Sciences

Open Access status: hybrid

Estimated APC paid: $3,255

Funder: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science