Meta‐analysis: prevalence of, and risk factors for, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Year: 2022
Type: review
Study designs: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is found in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, uncertainties remain on the magnitude of the association. AIMS: To explore systematically the prevalence of, and risk factors for, NAFLD in IBD patients. METHODS: We searched medical literature using Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and ProQuest, from inception to September 30, 2021. We included observational studies reporting the prevalence of NAFLD in ≥50 adult patients with IBD. Diagnosis of NAFLD could be based on imaging, histopathology, and/or hepatic steatosis index. Sex, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, prior surgery (bowel resection), corticosteroids, biologics and immunomodulators were assessed as potential risk factors for NAFLD. RESULTS: Of 1893 citations, 44 eligible studies were finally included, comprising 14 947 subjects from 18 different countries. Pooled prevalence of NAFLD was 30.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 26.5-34.9) in patients with IBD worldwide, which varied regionally. No significant difference was observed in the odds ratio (OR) of NAFLD among Crohn's disease (CD) patients compared with ulcerative colitis (UC) patients (1.16, 95% CI 0.93-1.44). Risk of NAFLD was almost twice as high in patients with IBD as in healthy subjects (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.13-3.41). Age (adjusted OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.05) and BMI (adjusted OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.22-1.32) were statistically significantly associated with increased risk of NAFLD. The pooled prevalence of advanced liver fibrosis in IBD patients with NAFLD was 13.6% (95% CI 7.6-19.7) based on six studies. CONCLUSION: Up to one-third of patients with IBD experienced NAFLD worldwide. The risk of NAFLD was two times higher in IBD patients versus healthy subjects.
DOI: 10.1111/apt.16879
Language: English
Topic: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Subfield: Genetics
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: green
Awards: A Cardiovascular-NASH disease nexus: Common Mechanisms and Treatments?, Predicting Short- and Long-term Risk of Serious Infections in Older Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Non-invasive screening of diabetics for advanced fibrosis due to NAFLD, Novel IL-23 inhibitor for the treatment of alcohol associated liver disease, Comparative Risks and Benefits of Pharmacological Therapies for Older Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Ancillary Studies of NAFLD and NASH in HIV infected Adults, QUS Technology for Diagnosis and Grading of Hepatic Steatosis in NAFLD, UC San Diego Clinical and Translational Research Institute, San Diego Digestive Diseases Research Center, Clinical Research on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, San Diego Cirrhosis Clinical Research Network
OpenAlex ID: W4221081557