Human Norovirus Triggers Primary B Cell Immune ActivationIn Vitro
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: Human norovirus (HNoV) is the most prevalent causative agent of gastroenteritis worldwide. Infection results in a self-limiting disease that can become chronic and severe in the immunocompromised, the elderly, and infants. There are currently no approved therapeutic and preventative strategies to limit the health and socioeconomic burdens associated with HNoV infections. Moreover, HNoV does not elicit lifelong immunity as repeat infections are common, presenting a challenge for vaccine development. Given the importance of B cells for humoral immunity, we investigated the susceptibility and impact of HNoV infection on human B cells. We found that HNoV replicates in human primary B cells derived from blood, spleen, and lymph node specimens, while the nonstructural protein NS1 can activate B cells. Because of the secreted nature of NS1, we put forward the hypothesis that HNoV infection can modulate bystander B cell function with potential impacts on systemic immune responses.
Source: mBio
Institutions: University of Michigan, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Otago, University of Ghana, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center, Michigan Medicine
Language: English
Subfield: Infectious Diseases
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $3,900
Funders: University of Michigan, European Commission, National Institutes of Health, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation, Medical School, University of Michigan, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
OpenAlex ID: W4223549338