Year: 2025
Type: article
Abstract: We investigate the sums $(1/\sqrt {H}) \sum _{X < n \leq X+H} \chi (n)$ , where $\chi $ is a fixed non-principal Dirichlet character modulo a prime q , and $0 \leq X \leq q-1$ is uniformly random. Davenport and Erdős, and more recently Lamzouri, proved central limit theorems for these sums provided $H \rightarrow \infty $ and $(\log H)/\log q \rightarrow 0$ as $q \rightarrow \infty $ , and Lamzouri conjectured these should hold subject to the much weaker upper bound $H=o(q/\log q)$ . We prove this is false for some $\chi $ , even when $H = q/\log ^{A}q$ for any fixed $A> 0$ . However, we show it is true for ‘almost all’ characters on the range $q^{1-o(1)} \leq H = o(q)$ . Using Pólya’s Fourier expansion, these results may be reformulated as statements about the distribution of certain Fourier series with number theoretic coefficients. Tools used in the proofs include the existence of characters with large partial sums on short initial segments, and moment estimates for trigonometric polynomials with random multiplicative coefficients.
Author: Adam J Harper
Institution: University of Warwick
Language: English
Subfield: Algebra and Number Theory
Field: Mathematics
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $3,550
OpenAlex ID: W4225839253