Year: 2014
Type: article
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Anopheles stephensi is the key vector of malaria throughout the Indian subcontinent and Middle East and an emerging model for molecular and genetic studies of mosquito-parasite interactions. The type form of the species is responsible for the majority of urban malaria transmission across its range. RESULTS: Here, we report the genome sequence and annotation of the Indian strain of the type form of An. stephensi. The 221 Mb genome assembly represents more than 92% of the entire genome and was produced using a combination of 454, Illumina, and PacBio sequencing. Physical mapping assigned 62% of the genome onto chromosomes, enabling chromosome-based analysis. Comparisons between An. stephensi and An. gambiae reveal that the rate of gene order reshuffling on the X chromosome was three times higher than that on the autosomes. An. stephensi has more heterochromatin in pericentric regions but less repetitive DNA in chromosome arms than An. gambiae. We also identify a number of Y-chromosome contigs and BACs. Interspersed repeats constitute 7.1% of the assembled genome while LTR retrotransposons alone comprise more than 49% of the Y contigs. RNA-seq analyses provide new insights into mosquito innate immunity, development, and sexual dimorphism. CONCLUSIONS: The genome analysis described in this manuscript provides a resource and platform for fundamental and translational research into a major urban malaria vector. Chromosome-based investigations provide unique perspectives on Anopheles chromosome evolution. RNA-seq analysis and studies of immunity genes offer new insights into mosquito biology and mosquito-parasite interactions.
Source: Genome biology
Authors: Xiaofang Jiang, Ashley Peery, A Hall, Atashi Sharma, Xiao-Guang Chen, Robert M Waterhouse, Aleksey Komissarov, Michelle M Riehl, Yogesh Shouche, Maria V Sharakhova, Dan Lawson, Nazzy Pakpour, Peter Arensburger, Victoria L M Davidson, Karin Eiglmeier, Scott Emrich, Phillip George, Ryan C Kennedy, Shrinivasrao P Mane, Gareth Maslen, Chioma Oringanje, Yumin Qi, Robert Settlage, Marta Tojo, Jose M C Tubio, Maria F Unger, Bo Wang, Kenneth D Vernick, Jose M C Ribeiro, Anthony A James, Kristin Michel, Michael A Riehle, Shirley Luckhart, Igor V Sharakhov, Zhijian Tu
Institutions: Virginia Tech, Southern Medical University, Broad Institute, University of Geneva, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg University, Institute of Cytology, University of Minnesota, University of Arizona, University of Minnesota System, National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust, University of California, Davis, California State Polytechnic University, Kansas State University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Pasteur, University of Notre Dame, University of California, San Francisco, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases, Wellcome Sanger Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Irvine
Language: English
Topic: Malaria Research and Control
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $5,490
Awards: Function of Guy1, a Y-specific gene of Anopheles stephensi, G1661316313, G206908635, MRI-R2: Acquisition of a Heterogeneous Supercomputing Instrument for Transformative Interdisciplinary Research, G2518801212, G2714118609, G3022479969, G307000522, G3488353684, Broadening Opportunities for Nontraditional Graduate Students in Biomolecular Science, G3824981384, G3869358015, G3892055125, G421738641, G4269241360, G447911744, G4565816088, G4607384015, Maternal-effect selfish element as gene drive for Anopheles mosquitoes, Comparative genome mapping of the Anopheles species cluster, G5222275667, G5501179735, G5788539707, COMPARATIVE EVOLUTIONARY AND FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS OF DISEASE-VECTOR ANOPHELES MOSQUITOES, G706764288, Genetic Association Mapping of Malaria Resistance in Anopheles gambiae, G863989381, G9000124554, G9000212510, G9000263983
OpenAlex ID: W2136093018