National differences in gender–science stereotypes predict national sex differences in science and math achievement
Year: 2017
Type: preprint
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: About 70% of more than half a million Implicit Association Tests completed by citizens of 34 countries revealed expected implicit stereotypes associating science with males more than with females. We discovered that nation-level implicit stereotypes predicted nation-level sex differences in 8th-grade science and mathematics achievement. Self-reported stereotypes did not provide additional predictive validity of the achievement gap. We suggest that implicit stereotypes and sex differences in science participation and performance are mutually reinforcing, contributing to the persistent gender gap in science engagement.
Authors: Brian A. Nosek, Frederick L. Smyth, Natarajan Sriram, Nicole M. Lindner, Thierry Devos, Alfonso Ayala, Yoav Bar-Anan, Robin Bergh, Huajian Cai, Karen Gonsalkorale, Selin Kesebir, Norbert Maliszewski, Felix Fernando Monteiro Neto, Eero Olli, Jaihyun Park, Konrad Schnabel, Kimihiro Shiomura, Bogdan Tudor Tulbure, Reinout Wiers, Monika Somogyi, Nazar Akrami, Bo Ekehammar, Michelangelo Vianello, Mahzarin R. Banaji, Anthony G. Greenwald
Institutions: Center for Open Science, University of Virginia, San Diego State University, El Colegio de Veracruz, Uppsala University, Sun Yat-sen University, The University of Sydney, University of Warsaw, Universidade do Porto, Baruch College, City University of New York, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Iwate Prefectural University, University of Amsterdam, Eötvös Loránd University, Harvard University, University of Washington
Language: English
Subfield: Safety Research
Field: Social Sciences
Domain: Social Sciences
Open Access status: green
OpenAlex ID: W4249945749