Work

Faculty Opinions recommendation of Structural basis for transcriptional start site control of HIV-1 RNA fate.

Year: 2020

Type: peer-review

Abstract: Heterogeneous transcriptional start site usage by HIV-1 produces 5'-capped RNAs beginning with one, two, or three 5'-guanosines ( Cap 1G, Cap 2G, Cap 3G, respectively) that are either selected for packaging as genomes ( Cap 1G) or retained in cells as translatable mRNAs ( Cap 2G/ Cap 3G).To understand how 5'-guanosine number influences fate, we probed the structures of capped HIV-1 leader RNAs by 2 H-edited NMR.The Cap 1G transcript adopts a dimeric multi-hairpin structure that sequesters the cap, inhibits interactions with translation initiation factor eIF4E, and resists decapping.The Cap 2G/ Cap 3G transcripts adopt an alternate structure with an elongated central helix, exposed splice donor residues, and an accessible cap.Extensive remodeling, achieved at the energetic cost of a G-C base pair, explains how a single 5' guanosine modifies the function of a ~9 kilobase HIV-1 transcript.

Source: Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature

DOI: 10.3410/f.737811126.793574344

Author: Qi Zhang

Institution: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Language: English

Topic: RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms

Subfield: Molecular Biology

Field: Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Domain: Life Sciences

Open Access status: green

Funders: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Universität Regensburg, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Division of Undergraduate Education

Awards: G1992456026, G455609046, G4622443911, MARC Undergraduate Training in Academic Research, G5276056311, G9000001316, G9000204608, G9000252496, G9000332185, G9000350844

OpenAlex ID: W4254518213

Cites: 47

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Related to: 10