Perinatal Plasma Carotenoids and Vitamin E Concentrations with Glycemia and Insulin Resistance in Women during and after Pregnancy
Year: 2023
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: Background: Carotenoids and vitamin E play beneficial roles against insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Objective: To examine the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, gestational and type-2 diabetes mellitus at mid-pregnancy and post-pregnancy in women of the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. Methods: Plasma concentrations of carotenoids and E vitamers were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis derived patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose, and fasting plasma insulin were measured at 26-28 weeks’ gestation and 4-6 years’ post-pregnancy, with derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Associations were examined using linear or logistic regressions adjusting for key confounders. Results: In 678 women, two patterns of carotenoids (CP1: α-, β-carotene, lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin) and one pattern of E vitamers (VE: γ-, δ-, α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose [β (95%CI): -0.06 (-0.10, -0.02) mmol/L], and lower gestational and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR [gestational: -0.17 (-0.82, 0.01), P=0.065; post-pregnancy: -0.11 (-0.15, -0.08) mmol/L]. In contrast, a higher VE score (1-SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2-hour glucose [gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L], but there were no associations with HOMA-IR. Conclusions: Higher α-, β-carotene and lutein may lower gestational fasting glycemia, and gestational and post-pregnancy insulin resistance; but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia. Further investigation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins are needed.
Source: Nutrients
DOI: 10.3390/nu15204421
Institutions: Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-NUS Medical School
Language: English
Subfield: Obstetrics and Gynecology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,892
Funders: National Institute for Health and Care Research, British Heart Foundation, European Commission, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, National Research Foundation Singapore, National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Medical Research Council
Awards: G103267656, G1503713314, G1659327504, G183778332, G1857620341, G1917706474, G2075874207, G213766589, G2596139817, G2701677525, G3264401604, G3424013768, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, G3446144360, G3563071610, G3637715992, G3873828540, G3883922659, G4097493786, G4134451932, G4213458000, G4331660922, G434559078, NIHR Senior Investigator Award, G486207801, G5061114777, G5068482306, G5090859494, G5196117068, G5241101149, G524590474, G5285226399, G5435949906, G5741042489, G587834012, G6153309438, G6528848405, G6719865625, G6746264097, G6824549163, G7295670324, G7388601084, G7643966348, G7851905008, G8306461559, G8307928819, Nutrition, Development and Lifelong Health: Studies in European Populations, G8537882575, G854637805, G8651793750, G8746938047
OpenAlex ID: W4387738083