Year: 2022
Type: review
Abstract: An estimated 20-25% of the population is affected by chronic, non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases. Chronic skin inflammation has many causes. Among the most frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases are atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, urticaria, lichen planus, and hidradenitis suppurativa, driven by a complex interplay of genetics and environmental factors. Autoimmunity is another important cause of chronic skin inflammation. The autoimmune response may be mainly T cell driven, such as in alopecia areata or vitiligo, or B cell driven in chronic spontaneous urticaria, pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. Rare causes of chronic skin inflammation are autoinflammatory diseases, or rheumatic diseases, such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus or dermatomyositis. Whilst we have seen a significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment, several challenges remain. Especially for rarer causes of chronic skin inflammation, early diagnosis is often missed because of low awareness and lack of diagnostics. Systemic immunosuppression is the treatment of choice for almost all of these diseases. Adverse events due to immunosuppression, insufficient therapeutic responses and relapses remain a challenge. For atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, a broad spectrum of innovative treatments has been developed. However, treatment responses cannot be predicted so far. Hence, development of (bio)markers allowing selection of specific medications for individual patients is needed. Given the encouraging developments during the past years, we envision that many of these challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory skin diseases will be thoroughly addressed in the future.
Source: Frontiers in Medicine
Authors: Hideyuki Ujiie, David Rosmarin, Michael P. Schön, Sonja Ständer, Katharina Boch, Martin Metz, Marcus Maurer, Diamant Thaci, Enno Schmidt, Connor Cole, Kyle T. Amber, Dario Didona, Michael Hertl, Andreas Recke, Hanna Graßhoff, Alexander Hackel, Anja Schumann, Gabriela Riemekasten, Katja Bieber, Gant Sprow, Joshua Dan, Detlef Zillikens, Tanya Sezin, Angela M. Christiano, Kerstin Wolk, Robert Sabat, Khalaf Kridin, Victoria P. Werth, Ralf J. Ludwig
Institutions: Hokkaido University, Tufts Medical Center, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, University Hospital Münster, University of Lübeck, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Freie Universität Berlin, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Rush University Medical Center, Philipps University of Marburg, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Bar-Ilan University
Language: English
Subfield: Dermatology
Field: Medicine
Domain: Health Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
Funders: National Science Foundation, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology, National Institutes of Health, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
Awards: G128427616, G165400314, G2312447549, Optimization of Clinical Trial Design in Cutaneous Lupus, Columbia University Skin Disease Resource-Based Center (epiCURE), G3337209945, Elucidation of the mechanism of the breakdown of cutaneous immune tolerance focusing on aging, A nonpsychoactive cannabinoid receptor-2 agonist to treat itch and inflammation in dermatomyositis, G4308171117, G4619843545, G5563364035, G5662744784, G6043723434, Alopecia Areata Center for Research Translation (AACORT), G7950107224
OpenAlex ID: W4285740668