From novel discovery tools and biomarkers to precision medicine—basic cardiovascular science highlights of 2021/22
Year: 2022
Type: article
Abstract: Here, we review the highlights of cardiovascular basic science published in 2021 and early 2022 on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology Council for Basic Cardiovascular Science. We begin with non-coding RNAs which have emerged as central regulators cardiovascular biology, and then discuss how technological developments in single-cell 'omics are providing new insights into cardiovascular development, inflammation, and disease. We also review recent discoveries on the biology of extracellular vesicles in driving either protective or pathogenic responses. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2021 recognized the importance of the molecular basis of mechanosensing and here we review breakthroughs in cardiovascular sensing of mechanical force. We also summarize discoveries in the field of atherosclerosis including the role of clonal haematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, and new mechanisms of crosstalk between hyperglycaemia, lipid mediators, and inflammation. The past 12 months also witnessed major advances in the field of cardiac arrhythmia including new mechanisms of fibrillation. We also focus on inducible pluripotent stem cell technology which has demonstrated disease causality for several genetic polymorphisms in long-QT syndrome and aortic valve disease, paving the way for personalized medicine approaches. Finally, the cardiovascular community has continued to better understand COVID-19 with significant advancement in our knowledge of cardiovascular tropism, molecular markers, the mechanism of vaccine-induced thrombotic complications and new anti-viral therapies that protect the cardiovascular system.
Source: Cardiovascular Research
DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac114
Authors: Paul C Evans, Sean M Davidson, Johann Wojta, Magnus Bäck, Sveva Bollini, Mairi Brittan, Alberico L Catapano, Bill Chaudhry, Matthijs Cluitmans, Massimiliano Gnecchi, Tomasz J Guzik, Imo Hoefer, Rosalinda Madonna, João P Monteiro, Henning Morawietz, Elena Osto, Teresa Padró, Judith C Sluimer, Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti, Kim Van der Heiden, Gemma Vilahur, Johannes Waltenberger, Christian Weber
Institutions: Insigneo, University of Sheffield, University College London, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research, Medical University of Vienna, Karolinska University Hospital, Inserm, Karolinska Institutet, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy, Défaillance Cardiovasculaire Aiguë et Chronique, Université de Lorraine, University of Genoa, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, University of Milan, MultiMedica, Newcastle University, Maastricht University, Philips (Netherlands), University of Cape Town, University of Pavia, Policlinico San Matteo Fondazione, Jagiellonian University, University of Glasgow, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Pisa, Texas Medical Center, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Hospital de Sant Pau, Centro de Investigación en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau, Federico II University Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, Erasmus MC, University of Münster, Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Institut für Prophylaxe und Epidemiologie der Kreislaufkrankheiten, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: hybrid
Estimated APC paid: $4,401
Funder: British Heart Foundation
OpenAlex ID: W4288439450