Editorial: New roles of neutrophils and granulocytic MDSC in autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and anti-microbial immunity
Year: 2022
Type: editorial
Abstract: Editorial on the Research Topic New roles of neutrophils and granulocytic MDSC in autoimmune diseases, inflammation, and anti-microbial immunity Neutrophils are known as the "first responders" that arrive at sites of infection and inflammation.There, they rapidly respond and attack microbes.However, recent discoveries reveal that neutrophils make a more multilayered contribution to the immune response (1).Neutrophils use an array of molecules to interact with other immune and non-immune cells.Consequently, neutrophils are important in shaping both innate and adaptive immune responses and are critical players in the protective immunity against pathogens as much as in the development and progression of various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (2).We now know that neutrophils can have both pro and anti-inflammatory functions, which are highly dependent on the timing, the context, and the type of signals they receive.They can promote inflammation through the release of microvesicles and various granule enzymes such as proteases and myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as reactive oxidants, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), cytokines, and chemokines (3).The release of neutrophil enzymes and other bioactive macromolecules may introduce posttranslational modifications into surrounding host tissues, in the process providing neoantigens and contributing to tissue damage.Neutrophils also provide a rich source of autoantigens such as proteinase-3 and MPO, and autoimmunity to these causes severe inflammation of small blood vessels (4).In contrast, neutrophils also have a critical role in the resolution of inflammation, often through their interactions with macrophages, and subsequent tissue repair.
Source: Frontiers in Immunology
Language: English
Subfield: Immunology
Field: Immunology and Microbiology
Domain: Life Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $2,950
OpenAlex ID: W4288693501