Variability and Predictors of Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations during Pregnancy
Year: 2010
Type: article
Study design: Observational Study
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Prenatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure may be associated with developmental toxicity, but few studies have examined the variability and predictors of urinary BPA concentrations during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to estimate the variability and predictors of serial urinary BPA concentrations taken during pregnancy. METHODS: We measured BPA concentrations during pregnancy and at birth in three spot urine samples from 389 women. We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to assess BPA variability and estimated associations between log10-transformed urinary BPA concentrations and demographic, occupational, dietary, and environmental factors, using mixed models. RESULTS: Geometric mean (GM) creatinine-standardized concentrations (micrograms per gram) were 1.7 (16 weeks), 2.0 (26 weeks), and 2.0 (birth). Creatinine-standardized BPA concentrations exhibited low reproducibility (ICC = 0.11). By occupation, cashiers had the highest BPA concentrations (GM: 2.8 μg/g). Consuming canned vegetables at least once a day was associated with higher BPA concentrations (GM = 2.3 μg/g) compared with those consuming no canned vegetables (GM = 1.6 μg/g). BPA concentrations did not vary by consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables, canned fruit, or store-bought fresh and frozen fish. Urinary high-molecular-weight phthalate and serum tobacco smoke metabolite concentrations were positively associated with BPA concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest numerous sources of BPA exposure during pregnancy. Etiological studies may need to measure urinary BPA concentrations more than once during pregnancy and adjust for phthalates and tobacco smoke exposures.
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1002366
Institutions: Harvard University, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Emory University, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Simon Fraser University
Language: English
Subfield: Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis
Field: Environmental Science
Domain: Physical Sciences
Open Access status: gold
Estimated APC paid: $4,500
Funders: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, University of Washington, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Awards: G164076637, G3329261148, Study of Prevalent Neurotoxicants in Children, G5959402184, G744018454, G7656875374, UNC Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility, Training Program in Reproductive, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology, Biostatistics for Research in Environmental Health, G908157178
OpenAlex ID: W1982404766